Lead Chromate Extra Pure
Lead Chromate Extra Pure is a bright yellow crystalline powder with the chemical formula PbCrO₄, known for its vivid pigmentation and high stability. This high-purity grade is commonly used in analytical laboratories, academic research, and historical pigment studies, particularly in the creation of reference standards and specialized reactions. It was historically used as a pigment (chrome yellow) in paints, plastics, and ceramics, although such applications have declined due to toxicity concerns. Lead chromate remains relevant in educational demonstrations, qualitative analysis, and scientific formulations where precise chemical behavior is required. Due to its carcinogenic and toxic nature, it must be handled with appropriate protective equipment and stored securely.
Lead Chromate Extra Pure
Primary Laboratory Uses:
- Pigment Study (Chrome Yellow):
Commonly used as a reference pigment in analytical chemistry and materials science to explore the properties of inorganic colorants. - Inorganic Precipitation Reactions:
Utilized to demonstrate double displacement reactions and low-solubility chromate salts in qualitative inorganic analysis.
Secondary Laboratory Uses:
- Toxicology & Environmental Testing:
Employed in controlled studies examining the toxicological behavior of heavy metal chromates. - Historical Paint Formulation Studies:
Studied in forensic chemistry and art conservation for identifying and recreating historical pigment compositions. - Crystallography and Structural Analysis:
Used in X-ray diffraction studies to analyze lattice parameters and structure of complex chromates.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name: Lead(II) Chromate
- Synonyms: Chrome yellow, C.I. Pigment Yellow 34
- Chemical Formula: PbCrO₄
- CAS Number: 7758-97-6
- Molecular Weight: 323.20 g/mol
- Grade: Extra Pure (suitable for laboratory and analytical use)
- Appearance: Bright yellow crystalline powder
- Odor: Odorless
- Solubility: Practically insoluble in water and alcohol; soluble in nitric acid and alkali cyanides
- Melting Point: Decomposes before melting
2. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification:
- Carcinogenicity – Category 1B
- Reproductive Toxicity – Category 1A
- Acute Toxicity – Inhalation (Category 4)
- Specific Target Organ Toxicity (Repeated Exposure) – Category 2
- Aquatic Toxicity – Chronic (Category 1)
- Hazard Statements:
- H302: Harmful if swallowed
- H350: May cause cancer
- H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child
- H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
- H400: Very toxic to aquatic life
- H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
- Precautionary Statements:
- P201: Obtain special instructions before use
- P260: Do not breathe dust/fumes
- P273: Avoid release to the environment
- P281: Use personal protective equipment as required
- P308+P313: If exposed or concerned, seek medical advice
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Gloves (chemical-resistant)
- Lab coat
- Safety goggles or full-face protection
- Dust mask or respirator in powder-handling
- Operate in a fume hood when possible
- First Aid Measures:
- Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; get immediate medical help
- Skin Contact: Rinse with water and soap
- Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek immediate medical attention
- Fire Hazards:
- Not flammable
- May emit toxic chromium and lead fumes when heated
- Use extinguishing media appropriate for surrounding fire
3. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions:
- Store in tightly sealed containers
- Keep in a dry, well-ventilated chemical storage area
- Store away from incompatible substances (acids, reducing agents)
- Limit access to trained personnel
- Handling Tips:
- Avoid generation of dust
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling
- Handle under fume hood if powder is airborne
- Clean spills using wet methods or HEPA-filter vacuum
4. Laboratory Applications
- Primary Uses:
- Common pigment in academic demonstrations (chrome yellow)
- Used in analytical chemistry to demonstrate precipitation reactions
- Precursor for other lead/chromium compounds in synthesis
- Secondary Uses:
- Pigment reference in color chemistry and spectroscopy
- Teaching compound in discussions on toxicology, solubility, and carcinogens
- Demonstration of sparingly soluble salts in qualitative inorganic analysis
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), and safety goggles.
- Use a NIOSH-approved respirator if dust or fumes are present.
- Always handle in a fume hood or well-ventilated area.
Handling:
- Handle with extreme caution—carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.
- Avoid generating or breathing dust.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling.
- Wash hands thoroughly after use.
Storage:
- Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
- Keep away from acids, reducing agents, and organic materials.
- Label clearly as Toxic and Carcinogenic and restrict access.
FIRST AID MEASURES
Inhalation:
- Move the exposed person to fresh air immediately.
- Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms like coughing, shortness of breath, or dizziness occur.
Skin Contact:
- Remove contaminated clothing immediately.
- Rinse skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
- Get medical advice if irritation develops.
Eye Contact:
- Flush your eyes cautiously with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
- Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
- Seek urgent medical attention.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth with water—do NOT induce vomiting.
- Seek immediate medical attention.
- Lead chromate is highly toxic and poses a severe health risk.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammability:
- Non-combustible, but may release toxic fumes when heated.
Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemicals, foam, or CO₂.
- Water spray can cool containers but avoid water runoff contamination.
Hazardous Combustion Products:
- May release toxic lead oxides and chromium oxides (Cr⁶⁺).
Firefighter Protection:
- Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing.
- Avoid inhaling combustion gases.
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- SHORT DESCRIPTION