Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate Extra Pure, also known as ammonium bicarbonate, is a high-purity, white crystalline powder widely used in laboratory settings as a buffering agent, leavening agent, and source of ammonia and carbon dioxide in thermal decomposition studies. It is particularly useful in analytical chemistry for preparing buffer solutions and in gas evolution experiments due to its ability to decompose readily upon heating. In protein and enzyme work, it serves as a volatile buffer compatible with mass spectrometry. The extra pure grade ensures minimal contamination, supporting accurate and reproducible results in sensitive applications. It should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry environment to prevent premature decomposition and loss of efficacy.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AmmoniumBicarbonate, AnalyticalReagent, BufferReagent, CO2Generator, HighPurityChemical, InorganicStandard, ThermalDecomposition, VolatileSalt

Description

USES

Primary Use

Volatile Buffer in Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics
- Used to buffer enzymatic digestions (e.g., trypsin) in proteomics; volatile nature allows easy removal by lyophilization before MS analysis.
Reagent in Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Supplies carbonate and ammonium ions for precipitation, pH control, or decomposition studies in teaching and research labs.
Source of CO₂ and NH₃ for Gas Evolution Studies
- Decomposes upon heating or in acidic conditions—used in demonstrations of gas evolution, decomposition, and equilibrium.
Component in Buffer Systems for Biochemistry
- Acts as a mild, temporary buffer in protein work, maintaining near-neutral pH during sample preparation.
Teaching Acid–Base and Salt Behavior
- Ideal for student labs to explore decomposition, thermal instability, and the behavior of weak acid–weak base salts.

Secondary Uses

Precursor in Synthesis of Ammonium or Carbonate Salts
- Used to prepare other salts such as ammonium carbonate, ammonium formate, or sodium bicarbonate derivatives in situ.
pH Adjustment in Experimental Protocols
- Provides gentle alkalinity in sensitive biochemical reactions or where strong bases may be disruptive.
Simulation of Metabolic or Environmental Reactions
- Models decomposition of organic nitrogen in soil, waste, or fermentation chemistry experiments.
Nutrient in Microbial Growth Media (Experimental Use)
- Occasionally studied as a nitrogen and carbon source in microbial cultures or synthetic biology.
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Studies

Investigated in TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) and DSC for its clean breakdown into gases.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate
CAS Number: 1066-33-7
HS Code: 28369990 (Other carbonates, including hydrogen carbonates)
Molecular Formula: NH₄HCO₃
Synonyms:
- Ammonium bicarbonate
- Acid ammonium carbonate
- Baking ammonia (in food-grade context)
- Ammonium acid carbonate

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline powder)
Color & Odor: White; slight ammonia odor
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: Decomposes at ~36–60°C
Density/Specific Gravity: ~1.59 g/cm³
Solubility:
- Water: Soluble (~17 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- Alcohol: Insoluble
pH Level: ~7.7–8.5 (in 1% aqueous solution; mildly alkaline)
Vapor Pressure: Low (but decomposes to form NH₃ and CO₂ gases)
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Eye Irritation (Category 2A)
- Skin Irritation (Category 2)
- Acute Toxicity – Oral (Category 4)
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 1
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 1
Exposure Limits:
- No established OSHA or ACGIH limits for this compound
- General dust handling precautions apply
Reactivity:
- Decomposes to ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water upon heating
- Reacts with acids to release CO₂
- Incompatible with strong acids and bases

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
- Keep container tightly closed and away from heat/moisture
Incompatible Materials:
- Acids, strong oxidizers, strong bases
Container Type:
- Airtight plastic or glass containers
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- ~1 year; decomposes gradually if exposed to air
Special Handling Requirements:
- Use in a fume hood if handling large quantities
- Wear gloves and goggles; avoid inhaling dust or fumes

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Listed under TSCA, REACH
- Also permitted in food-grade and pharmaceutical applications (different grade)
Transportation Restrictions:
- Not classified as a hazardous material
Waste Disposal Method:
- Dilute and allow to decompose under controlled conditions
- Dispose in accordance with institutional chemical waste policy

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Low; decomposes to naturally occurring components
Persistence in Environment:
- Not persistent; rapidly decomposes
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Biodegradability:
- Inorganic, but readily breaks down into biodegradable products

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, safety goggles, and chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile).
- Use in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to prevent buildup of vapors.
Handling:
- Avoid breathing dust or vapors—it decomposes to form ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water.
- Handle with care to minimize dust formation.
- Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
- Keep away from acids, heat, and moisture.
Storage:
- Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.
- Keep away from sources of heat and acidic substances.
- Protect from moisture to prevent decomposition and gas release.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the lab.
- Clean work surfaces after use to prevent residue exposure.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Move person to fresh air immediately.
- If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.
- Ammonia fumes can irritate the respiratory system.
Skin Contact:
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Wash exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water.
- Seek medical attention if irritation or discomfort develops.
Eye Contact:
- Flush eyes with clean water for at least 15 minutes.
- Hold eyelids apart to ensure thorough rinsing.
- Seek medical attention if irritation or vision changes occur.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth with water.
- Do not induce vomiting.
- If the person is conscious, give water to dilute.
- Seek immediate medical attention—may irritate the gastrointestinal tract.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemicals, carbon dioxide (CO₂), foam, or water spray depending on nearby materials.
Specific Hazards:
- Non-flammable, but decomposes with heat to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide.
- Vapors can cause irritation and may contribute to confined-space pressure build-up.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Firefighting Instructions:
- Cool containers with water spray to prevent pressure buildup.
- Avoid breathing decomposition gases.
- Prevent runoff from entering sewers or waterways—toxic to aquatic life in high concentrations.