Ammonium Oxalate Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Oxalate Extra Pure is a high-purity, white crystalline compound commonly used in laboratory chemistry for analytical and inorganic applications. It is particularly valuable in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of calcium, where it forms an insoluble calcium oxalate precipitate. This makes it essential in hardness testing of water and other gravimetric determinations. It also finds use in buffer solutions and as a complexing agent in metal ion analysis. The extra pure grade ensures low levels of interfering substances, making it ideal for sensitive analytical work. Ammonium oxalate should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry place to maintain stability and prevent degradation.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AnalyticalReagent, CalciumPrecipitation, ComplexometricTitration InorganicStandard, DoubleSalt, HighPurityOxalate, IonDetection, OxalateSource

Description

USES

Table of Contents

Primary Use

Reagent for Calcium Ion Detection and Quantification
- Precipitates calcium as calcium oxalate (CaC₂O₄) — widely used in classical gravimetric analysis of calcium in water, food, and biological samples.
Source of Oxalate Ions in Precipitation Reactions
- Supplies C₂O₄²⁻ for preparing insoluble oxalates of calcium, barium, lanthanides, and transition metals in qualitative analysis.
Complexometric Reagent in Coordination Chemistry
- Acts as a bidentate ligand to form complexes with Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, and other metal ions in stability and ligand exchange studies.
Standard in Redox Titrations (with KMnO₄)
- Oxalate ion is oxidized by permanganate in acidic medium — used in redox titration to determine KMnO₄ concentration.
Demonstration of Double Salt Formation and Thermal Decomposition
- Used in teaching thermal analysis and precipitation behavior of sparingly soluble salts.

Secondary Uses

Study of Kidney Stone Formation (Biochemistry/Medical Research)
- Models oxalate metabolism and precipitation under various pH conditions in clinical or pathological studies.
pH-Dependent Solubility Experiments
- Used in teaching labs to illustrate pH effects on solubility of weak acid salts and metal complexes.
Fluorometric and Spectrophotometric Metal Detection
- Can enhance detection sensitivity when combined with fluorescent or chromogenic ligands for trace metal analysis.
Preparation of Oxalate-Based Coordination Compounds
- Used in research involving transition metal oxalates, crystal engineering, or hybrid organic-inorganic materials.
Buffer Component in Specialized Systems
- Occasionally used in low-pH buffer systems where chelation or reducing behavior is desired.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Oxalate
CAS Number: 1113-38-8 (anhydrous)
Common Lab Form: Ammonium Oxalate Monohydrate
CAS Number (Monohydrate): 6009-70-7
HS Code: 29171100 (Oxalic acid and its salts and esters)
Molecular Formula: (NH₄)₂C₂O₄ · H₂O (monohydrate)
Synonyms:
- Diammonium oxalate
- Oxalic acid diammonium salt
- Ammonium ethanedioate
- Ammonium oxalate monohydrate

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline powder)
Color & Odor: White crystals; odorless
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: Decomposes at ~70–100 °C (monohydrate)
Density/Specific Gravity: ~1.5 g/cm³ (monohydrate)
Solubility:
- Water: Freely soluble (~4.2 g/100 mL at 20 °C)
- Alcohol: Slightly soluble
pH Level: ~6.4 (0.1 M solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Acute Toxicity – Oral (Category 4)
- Eye Irritation (Category 2A)
- Skin Irritation (Category 2)
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits:
- No OSHA PEL/ACGIH TLV established
- Use dust control and general PPE
Reactivity:
- Stable under normal lab conditions
- Incompatible with strong oxidizers and acids (may release oxalic acid)

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry, tightly closed container
- Avoid moisture and direct light
Incompatible Materials:
- Strong oxidizers, strong acids, calcium or heavy metal salts (forms insoluble oxalates)
Container Type:
- Sealed plastic or glass container
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- ~2 years under dry conditions
Special Handling Requirements:
- Use gloves, goggles, lab coat
- Avoid inhalation or ingestion

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Listed under TSCA and REACH
- Regulated due to toxicity and potential to form insoluble oxalate precipitates
Transportation Restrictions:
- Not classified as hazardous for transport
Waste Disposal Method:
- Collect as hazardous waste
- Avoid release to drains due to oxalate precipitation with calcium and magnesium

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Toxic to aquatic life in high concentrations
Persistence in Environment:
- Oxalates may persist and complex with soil minerals
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic
Biodegradability:
- Inorganic salt; not biodegradable, but oxalate ions can be broken down by soil microbes

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, safety goggles, and chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile).
- Use in a fume hood or well-ventilated area to avoid dust exposure.
Handling:
- Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin or eye contact.
- Do not allow contact with acids — releases toxic oxalic acid.
- Keep away from oxidizing agents and strong bases.
Storage:
- Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location.
- Protect from moisture and light.
- Label container clearly as toxic and harmful if swallowed.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use.
- Clean all surfaces and equipment after use.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Move the person to fresh air immediately.
- Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult.
- Seek medical attention—oxalates can irritate the respiratory tract.
Skin Contact:
- Wash affected area with plenty of soap and water.
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Seek medical attention if irritation or burns develop.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse eyes gently with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
- Hold eyelids apart and remove contact lenses if present.
- Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth with water.
- Do not induce vomiting.
- Give water or milk if the person is conscious.
- Seek immediate medical attention — oxalates are toxic, especially to kidneys and may bind calcium, causing systemic effects.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemicals, CO₂, foam, or water spray depending on the surrounding materials.
Specific Hazards:
- Not flammable, but on heating may release:
  - Ammonia
  - Carbon monoxide (CO)
  - Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
  - Oxalic acid vapors
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing.
Firefighting Instructions:
- Avoid breathing fumes or decomposition gases.
- Cool containers exposed to heat with water spray.