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Phosphorous Red Extra Pure
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SHORT DESCRIPTION
Phosphorous Red Extra Pure is a high-purity allotrope of elemental phosphorus, presented as a dark red to violet amorphous powder. Unlike its white counterpart, red phosphorus is significantly more stable and less reactive at room temperature, making it safer to handle under controlled conditions. It is insoluble in water and most organic solvents and must be stored under inert conditions due to its flammability in finely divided form.
This grade of red phosphorus is commonly used in laboratories for chemical synthesis, pyrotechnics, match production, and flame retardant formulations. In education and research, it is employed in demonstrations of allotropy and in preparing organophosphorus compounds.
Description
USES
PRIMARY USES
- Used in the manufacture of safety matches, fireworks, and pyrotechnics due to its flammability and controlled ignition properties.
- Serves as a reductant in chemical synthesis, particularly in organic chemistry reactions involving halogenations and chlorinations.
- Applied in the production of phosphoric acid and various phosphorus-containing compounds.
- Utilized in metallurgical processes such as the production of phosphor bronze and other metal alloys.
- Employed as a flame retardant additive in polymers and plastics.
SECONDARY USES
- Used in semiconductor research and materials science for developing specialty phosphorus compounds.
- Acts as a laboratory reagent in analytical and preparative chemistry.
- Explored in photovoltaic research for developing phosphorus-based compounds in solar technologies.
- Investigated in chemical kinetics studies as a reactive material under specific thermal conditions.
- Occasionally used in military and defense research for its role in incendiary and smoke-producing compositions.
KEY PRODUCT FEATURES
KEY ATTRIBUTES
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name: Red Phosphorus
- CAS Number: 7723-14-0
- HS Code: 2804.70.00
- Molecular Formula: P
- Synonyms:
- Phosphorus, red
- Red allotrope of phosphorus
- Amorphous phosphorus
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid (powder or granular)
- Color & Odor: Dark red or violet; odorless
- Boiling Point: Sublimes at ~416 °C
- Melting Point: Sublimes without melting (~300–400 °C under pressure)
- Density/Specific Gravity: ~2.34 g/cm³
- Solubility:
- Insoluble in water and most organic solvents
- Soluble in carbon disulfide (to some extent)
- pH Level: Not applicable (insoluble solid)
- Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
- Flash Point: Not flammable but may ignite under friction or heat
- Autoignition Temperature: ~300 °C
- Viscosity: Not applicable (solid form)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS Classification):
- Flammable solid (Category 1)
- Acute toxicity (inhalation, Category 4)
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 1
- Exposure Limits:
- OSHA PEL: 0.1 mg/m³ (as phosphorus)
- ACGIH TLV: 0.1 mg/m³
- Reactivity:
- Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, halogens, and some metals
- Avoid heat, sparks, and friction
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from sunlight and ignition sources
- Incompatible Materials:
- Oxidizing agents, halogens, alkalis, acids
- Container Type: Non-metallic, airtight containers (e.g., polyethylene)
- Shelf Life & Expiration Date: Stable if stored properly for several years
- Special Handling Requirements:
- Use protective gloves, safety goggles, lab coat
- Avoid mechanical shock, static electricity, and open flames
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Regulatory Status:
- Regulated under various chemical control laws (e.g., EPA TSCA, REACH)
- May be considered a precursor in illicit drug manufacturing in some jurisdictions
- Transportation Restrictions:
- UN Number: UN1338
- Hazard Class: 4.1 (Flammable solid)
- Waste Disposal Method:
- Dispose through licensed hazardous waste contractor
- Follow local, regional, and national regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity:
- Potentially harmful to aquatic life at high concentrations
- Persistence in Environment:
- Not readily biodegradable; persists under certain conditions
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC or OSHA
- Chronic exposure may affect liver and kidneys
- Biodegradability:
- Not biodegradable; remains stable in the environment
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile), safety goggles, a face shield, and a lab coat.
- Use only in a well-ventilated area or fume hood.
- Avoid creating dust and static discharge.
Handling:
- Handle with extreme care; red phosphorus is reactive under certain conditions.
- Avoid heat, sparks, friction, and impact.
- Do not allow contact with strong oxidizers or halogens.
Storage:
- Store in a cool, dry, and inert atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen).
- Keep away from direct sunlight, moisture, and sources of ignition.
- Use only tightly sealed containers made from compatible materials.
FIRST AID MEASURES
Inhalation:
- Move the person to fresh air immediately.
- If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical attention.
- Get medical help if symptoms (e.g., cough, irritation) persist.
Skin Contact:
- Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Seek medical help if irritation or burns develop.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally.
- Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting.
- Get immediate medical help—phosphorus compounds can be toxic if ingested.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammability:
- Red phosphorus is flammable and may ignite at high temperatures or from friction.
Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry sand, graphite, or Class D fire extinguishers.
- Do NOT use water or CO₂—may react violently.
Hazardous Combustion Products:
- Produces toxic phosphorus oxides (e.g., Pâ‚‚Oâ‚…) when burned.
Firefighter Protection:
- Use full protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Approach from upwind to avoid inhaling hazardous fumes.
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