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Chlorobutanol BP
Chlorobutanol BP (also known as 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is a white crystalline solid or powder, with a slight camphor-like odor and a bitter taste. It is a multifunctional preservative, anesthetic, and antimicrobial agent commonly used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products. Chlorobutanol exhibits bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties, making it effective in preventing microbial contamination in aqueous formulations. It also possesses mild local anesthetic effects, frequently used in ophthalmic and injectable preparations as a preservative and stabilizer.
Chlorobutanol BP
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceuticals
- Used as a preservative in injectable formulations, ophthalmic solutions, and other sterile products to prevent bacterial and fungal growth.
- Acts as a local anesthetic in topical and ophthalmic applications to reduce pain and irritation.
- Employed in cough syrups and nasal sprays for its antimicrobial and preservative properties.
- Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Incorporated in skin creams, lotions, and eye drops as a preservative to enhance shelf life.
- Used in formulations requiring antimicrobial protection without strong odors or irritation.
Secondary Uses
- Laboratory & Research
- Utilized as a standard chemical reagent for analytical and pharmaceutical research.
- Veterinary Medicine
- Applied as a preservative and anesthetic agent in veterinary injectables and topical formulations.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol
- Common/Trade Name: Chlorobutanol BP
- CAS Number: 75-36-5
- HS Code: 2933.59.90
- Molecular Formula: C4H6Cl3O
- Synonyms:
- Chlorobutanol
- Trichlorbutanol
- Trichloro-tert-butyl alcohol
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White to off-white; mild camphor-like odor
- Melting Point: 69–72°C
- Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
- Density: 1.59 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (~0.55% at 20°C); freely soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to heat and light
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; irritant to skin and eyes
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 1
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limit established; avoid inhalation and skin contact
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; may cause irritation to mucous membranes and skin
- Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; avoid strong oxidizers
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and direct sunlight
- Container Type: Sealed amber glass bottles or plastic containers resistant to chemical attack
- Shelf Life: Up to 3 years if stored properly
- Special Handling: Use gloves, goggles, and protective clothing; handle in well-ventilated areas
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Pharmacopoeial Status: Complies with British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards
- FDA Status: Approved for use as a preservative in pharmaceutical formulations
- REACH Status: Registered under EU regulations
- Transportation: Not classified as hazardous for transport under normal conditions
- Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local environmental regulations; avoid environmental release
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Low to moderate toxicity to aquatic life; avoid environmental discharge
- Persistence: Degrades slowly in the environment
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate significantly
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Moderate biodegradability under aerobic conditions
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, lab coat, and respiratory protection if dust or vapors are present
- Handling: Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and contact with skin and eyes
- Storage: Keep container tightly closed and away from incompatible materials
- Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in the work area
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash affected area with plenty of water; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible under fire conditions; may release toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes
Related products
Chlorocresol BP
Chlorocresol BP, also known as PCMC (Para-Chlorometa-Cresol), is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a characteristic phenolic odor. It is a chlorinated phenol derivative widely used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial preservative. It exhibits effective bactericidal and fungicidal activity, making it a preferred preservative in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products. Chlorocresol is valued for its stability, solubility in aqueous and alcoholic systems, and compatibility with various formulation types. It helps inhibit microbial growth, thereby enhancing product shelf life and safety.
Chloroxylenol BP
Chloroxylenol BP is a pale yellow to colorless crystalline solid with a mild phenolic odor. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely used for its bactericidal, fungicidal, and antiviral properties. Chemically known as 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, Chloroxylenol acts by disrupting microbial cell membranes and inhibiting enzyme systems, making it effective against many gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Its relatively low toxicity and skin irritation profile compared to other phenols have made it a preferred active ingredient in antiseptics, disinfectants, and preservative formulations across pharmaceutical, personal care, household, and industrial applications.
Dichlorophene Technical
Dichlorophene Technical (also known as 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-chlorophenol)) is a chlorinated phenolic compound used primarily as an antimicrobial agent and disinfectant. It appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder with a characteristic phenolic odor. Known for its potent bactericidal and fungicidal properties, Dichlorophene is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations, personal care products, and industrial disinfectants. The “Technical” grade refers to its industrial or bulk purity form used as a raw material in manufacturing.
Naphthalene Balls
Napthalene Balls are solid, crystalline balls made primarily of naphthalene, a white, volatile, aromatic hydrocarbon derived from coal tar or petroleum refining. Known for their strong, distinctive odor, naphthalene balls are widely used as moth repellents and deodorizing agents. Due to their sublimation property, they slowly vaporize at room temperature, releasing fumes that are toxic to moths and insects. They find broad applications in household pest control, industrial storage protection, and chemical manufacturing.
Phenol Ice Crystals
Phenol Ice Crystals, also known as carbolic acid in solid form, are crystalline compounds of phenol with a melting point near room temperature, giving them an “ice-like” appearance. Phenol is a aromatic organic compound widely used as a precursor in chemical synthesis, disinfectants, and pharmaceuticals. It exhibits antiseptic, antiseptic, and solvent properties. Due to its toxicity and corrosiveness, phenol requires careful handling.
Potassium Iodide USP
Potassium Iodide USP is a high-purity inorganic halogenated salt that meets the strict quality and purity standards of the United States Pharmacopeia (USP). It appears as white crystalline granules or powder, is odorless, and has a characteristic saline taste. This pharmaceutical-grade compound is valued for its ability to act as a source of iodide ions, its high solubility in water, and its stability when properly stored. It is slightly hygroscopic and may become yellow upon prolonged exposure to air due to liberation of iodine, with light and moisture accelerating decomposition, requiring careful packaging and storage. Potassium Iodide USP is manufactured under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) and is suitable for human pharmaceutical applications, nutritional supplements, and other uses requiring the highest purity standards.
Povidone Iodide BP
Povidone Iodide BP is a water-soluble complex of iodine with the synthetic polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). It acts as a broad-spectrum antiseptic effective against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. Widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, and veterinary fields, Povidone Iodine provides sustained iodine release, minimizing irritation while offering rapid antimicrobial action. It is essential for wound care, surgical preparation, and infection control.
