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N-Butanol
N-Butanol (1-butanol) is a four-carbon linear alcohol with the chemical formula C₄H₉OH. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a mild, alcoholic odor. N-Butanol is widely used as a solvent in paints, coatings, adhesives, and chemical synthesis. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers, butyl acrylate, and other chemicals. Its moderate volatility and solvent properties make it valuable in industrial and commercial applications.
Primary Uses
- Solvent in Paints and Coatings
- Used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, alkyd, and cellulose acetate coatings to improve flow and drying characteristics.
- Enhances gloss and adhesion of paints and varnishes.
- Chemical Intermediate
- Utilized in the production of butyl acrylate, plasticizers, and glycol ethers.
- Serves as a raw material in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
- Adhesives and Sealants
- Acts as a solvent in adhesive formulations for improved consistency and drying time.
- Cleaning Agent
- Employed in industrial cleaning formulations due to its solvency and low toxicity compared to other solvents.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Used in small quantities as a solvent in perfumes and fragrances.
- Extractants
- Used in extraction processes in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
- Fuel Additive
- Occasionally used as a fuel additive or blending component in gasoline to improve combustion properties.
- Laboratory Solvent
- Used in chemical laboratories for reagent preparation and sample processing.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Butan-1-ol
- Common/Trade Name: N-Butanol, 1-Butanol
- CAS Number: 71-36-3
- HS Code: 2905.43.00
- Synonyms: n-Butyl alcohol; 1-Butanol
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
- Color & Odor: Colorless; mild alcoholic odor
- Boiling Point: 117.7°C
- Melting Point: -89.5°C
- Density: 0.81 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with most organic solvents
- Flash Point: 35°C (closed cup)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3)
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; can cause irritation to skin and eyes
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL 100 ppm; ACGIH TLV 20 ppm (TWA)
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition
- Container Type: Supplied in metal or plastic drums and containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 1 year if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use explosion-proof equipment; avoid inhalation and skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with REACH, OSHA, EPA, and other relevant chemical safety regulations
- Listed in major chemical inventories worldwide
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Moderate aquatic toxicity; avoid release into waterways
- Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, goggles, and flame-resistant clothing recommended
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid ignition sources
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed; store away from oxidizers
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical help
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Flammable liquid and vapor
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective gear
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, aldehydes
Related products
Di Acetone Alcohol
Di Acetone Alcohol (chemical name: 4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one) is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild acetone-like odor. It is a versatile organic solvent and intermediate widely used in the manufacture of coatings, adhesives, inks, and specialty chemicals. Di Acetone Alcohol exhibits excellent solvency for resins, oils, and fats, combined with moderate evaporation rate and low volatility compared to acetone, making it suitable for controlled drying applications. It also serves as a chemical intermediate in synthesis reactions and as a component in solvent blends to optimize performance and drying characteristics.
Ethoxy Propanol
Ethoxy Propanol, also known as Propylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (PnP), is a clear, colorless, low-viscosity solvent with a mild ether-like odor. It belongs to the family of glycol ethers and is miscible with water and most organic solvents. Ethoxy Propanol is widely valued for its excellent solvency, moderate evaporation rate, and compatibility with both polar and non-polar systems. It is extensively used in coatings, inks, cleaners, and chemical synthesis applications due to its balance of performance and safety.
Kerol
Kerol is a synthetic kerosene-like solvent commonly used as a degreasing and cleaning agent in various industrial applications. It is a clear, colorless liquid with low aromatic content, moderate volatility, and excellent solvency properties, designed for effective removal of oils, greases, and contaminants from metal and mechanical parts. Kerol offers a balance of strong cleaning efficiency with improved safety and environmental profile compared to traditional kerosene.
Methylene Chloride (Dichloromethane)
Methylene Chloride (Dichloromethane), also known as methylene chloride, is a volatile, colorless liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor. It is a chlorinated solvent widely used in industrial, pharmaceutical, and laboratory applications due to its excellent solvent properties, including high volatility, moderate polarity, and low boiling point (about 39.6°C). DCM is prized for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds, making it ideal for extraction, paint stripping, degreasing, and chemical processing. However, due to health and environmental concerns, its use is regulated and controlled in many countries.
N-Propanol
N-Propanol, also known as n-Propyl Alcohol or 1-Propanol, is a clear, colorless, low-viscosity liquid with a characteristic mild alcohol-like odor. It is a primary alcohol with the molecular formula C₃H₈O, fully miscible with water and common organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, glycols, and hydrocarbons. This high-purity, semi-volatile, polar solvent serves as both a versatile solvent and a chemical intermediate across multiple industrial sectors. N-Propanol has a flash point of 15–23°C and is classified as a highly flammable liquid. Technical grade N-Propanol is manufactured for industrial applications and is not intended for direct human consumption unless specifically certified as USP or Food Grade.
Perchloroethylene
Perchloroethylene (also known as tetrachloroethylene or PCE) is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet odor, widely used as a solvent in dry cleaning and industrial degreasing. It has excellent solvent power for organic materials, is non-flammable, and chemically stable under normal conditions. Perchloroethylene is valued for its efficiency in removing oils, greases, and waxes from fabrics and metals, and serves as a key chemical intermediate in various industrial applications.
Pine Oil
Pine Oil is a powerful, aromatic essential oil obtained through the steam distillation of the needles, twigs, and cones of pine trees, primarily Pinus sylvestris or other Pinus species. It features a sharp, woody, and fresh scent with natural disinfectant and deodorizing properties. Rich in monoterpenes such as alpha-pinene and beta-pinene, Pine Oil is widely utilized in cleaning products, disinfectants, air care, cosmetics, and industrial formulations. It is valued for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and degreasing capabilities, making it an effective multi-purpose ingredient across various sectors.
Solvent Naphtha
Solvent Naphtha is a flammable, volatile hydrocarbon mixture derived from petroleum distillation. Characterized by its sharp, petroleum-like odor, it is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid. It is a versatile industrial solvent prized for its ability to dissolve oils, fats, resins, and rubber. Its balanced evaporation rate and strong solvency make it a key component in formulations requiring a powerful yet controllable solvent.
