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Xylene
Xylene is a clear, colorless, flammable aromatic hydrocarbon solvent consisting of three isomers: ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene. It is widely utilized in various industries for its excellent solvency, chemical stability, and moderate evaporation rate. Xylene serves as a key raw material in chemical manufacturing and an effective solvent in coatings, adhesives, inks, and cleaning applications.
Xylene
Primary Uses
- Chemical Industry
- Solvent for Paints, Varnishes, and Coatings: Dissolves resins, polymers, and additives, improving application and drying properties.
- Feedstock in Polyester Production: Used to manufacture terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate, essential intermediates in polyester fiber and plastic production.
- Laboratory & Industrial Cleaning
- Cleaning Agent: Removes grease, oil, and residues from laboratory glassware, metal parts, and equipment surfaces.
- Printing Industry
- Ink Solvent: Provides appropriate viscosity and drying times in printing inks for various substrates.
Secondary Uses
- Pharmaceutical Industry
- Chemical Intermediate: Involved in synthesis pathways of certain pharmaceutical compounds.
- Rubber Industry
- Processing Aid: Incorporated in rubber cement formulations and used for cleaning rubber processing machinery.
- Construction Industry
- Thinner & Degreaser: Used to thin adhesives and coatings and clean tools and surfaces.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Dimethylbenzene
- Common/Trade Name: Xylene
- CAS Number: 1330-20-7
- HS Code: 2902.30.00
- Synonyms: Dimethylbenzene, Xylol
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Liquid
- Color & Odor: Clear, colorless; sweet aromatic odor
- Boiling Point: 138–144 °C (depending on isomer)
- Flash Point: ~27 °C (closed cup)
- Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, and other organic solvents
- Density: Approx. 0.87 g/cm³
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), harmful if inhaled, skin irritant
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; prolonged exposure can cause central nervous system effects such as dizziness, headache, and nausea
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 100 ppm (8-hour TWA), ACGIH TLV: 100 ppm
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, open flames, and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers
- Container Type: Steel drums or tightly sealed containers suitable for flammable liquids
- Shelf Life: Stable for several years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use in well-ventilated areas, avoid inhalation and skin contact, wear protective gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection as needed
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with:
- OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations for workplace safety
- REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals) in the European Union
- TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act) inventory requirements in the U.S.
- GHS (Globally Harmonized System) classification for chemical hazards
- Transport Regulations: Classified as a flammable liquid under ADR, IMDG, and DOT regulations (UN No. 1307)
- Manufactured under: Standard industrial chemical manufacturing practices; GMP applicable when used in pharmaceutical or food-grade synthesis contexts
- Environmental Compliance: Meets environmental laws for emissions, discharge, and disposal including EPA standards
- Safety Data Sheet (SDS): Provided in compliance with applicable regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions
- Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid release to waterways
- Bioaccumulation: Potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Protective gloves, safety goggles, and respirators recommended in confined or poorly ventilated spaces
- Handling Guidelines: Minimize vapour inhalation; avoid static discharge and ignition sources
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and away from incompatible materials
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical advice if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Highly flammable liquid and vapor; vapors may form explosive mixtures with air
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide extinguishers
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes
Related products
Butyl Glycol
Butyl Glycol, also known as 2-Butoxyethanol, is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild, sweet ether-like odor. It is an organic solvent classified as a glycol ether, with the molecular formula C6H14O2. Butyl Glycol is highly miscible with water, alcohols, and many organic solvents. It is widely used in industrial and commercial applications due to its excellent solvent properties, low volatility, and moderate toxicity. Its high solvency and compatibility with both aqueous and organic phases make it valuable in coatings, cleaning products, inks, and adhesives.
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp, sweet, acetone-like odor. It is a cyclic ketone with the molecular formula C₆H₁₀O and a moderately high boiling point. Cyclohexanone is a key intermediate in the chemical industry, primarily used in the manufacture of nylon, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Its excellent solvency and chemical reactivity make it valuable for a wide range of industrial applications, including solvent use and chemical synthesis.
Ink reducer (Ethanol)
Ink reducer (Ethanol) is a volatile, colorless liquid used to adjust the viscosity, flow, and drying time of printing inks. Composed primarily of high-purity ethanol (ethyl alcohol), it acts as a solvent or diluent in various ink systems—particularly in flexographic, gravure, and screen printing. This reducer enhances printability by improving ink transfer, leveling, and penetration into substrates. Ink reducers based on ethanol are fast-drying and widely compatible with alcohol-soluble and water-alcohol hybrid inks used in packaging, label printing, and paper conversion industries.
Isophorone
Isophorone is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, ketone-like odor. Chemically classified as a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), it is a solvent widely used in industrial applications. It has good solvency properties for resins, paints, coatings, and inks, combined with relatively slow evaporation compared to other ketones. Isophorone is miscible with many organic solvents and used extensively in manufacturing and chemical synthesis.
N-Propanol
N-Propanol, also known as n-Propyl Alcohol or 1-Propanol, is a clear, colorless, low-viscosity liquid with a characteristic mild alcohol-like odor. It is a primary alcohol with the molecular formula C₃H₈O, fully miscible with water and common organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, glycols, and hydrocarbons. This high-purity, semi-volatile, polar solvent serves as both a versatile solvent and a chemical intermediate across multiple industrial sectors. N-Propanol has a flash point of 15–23°C and is classified as a highly flammable liquid. Technical grade N-Propanol is manufactured for industrial applications and is not intended for direct human consumption unless specifically certified as USP or Food Grade.
Normal Butanol
Normal Butanol is a straight-chain primary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H10O. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor. Known for its good solvent properties and moderate evaporation rate, n-Butanol is widely used in industrial applications such as solvents for paints, coatings, adhesives, and as an intermediate in chemical synthesis.
Solvent Naphtha
Solvent Naphtha is a flammable, volatile hydrocarbon mixture derived from petroleum distillation. Characterized by its sharp, petroleum-like odor, it is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid. It is a versatile industrial solvent prized for its ability to dissolve oils, fats, resins, and rubber. Its balanced evaporation rate and strong solvency make it a key component in formulations requiring a powerful yet controllable solvent.
Special Boiling Point
Special Boiling Point is a specialized solvent fraction characterized by a boiling range between 40°C and 60°C. It is commonly used in industries requiring solvents with low boiling points for rapid evaporation and efficient solvent action. This grade is valued for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds and is widely applied in coatings, cleaning agents, chemical synthesis, and extraction processes where controlled volatility is critical for process performance.
