Hoffman Voltameter

Hoffman Voltameter is a specialized laboratory apparatus used to demonstrate and measure the electrolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases. It consists of a central reservoir connected to two vertical graduated gas-collection tubes (electrodes) and is typically made from borosilicate glass for chemical resistance and clarity. Platinum or carbon electrodes are used at the base of each tube to conduct electric current. This apparatus is widely used in chemistry and physics education to visually demonstrate the principles of electrolysis, electrochemical reactions, gas laws, and stoichiometry.

Kipps Apparatus Glass

Kipps Apparatus Glass is a classic laboratory apparatus designed for the generation of gases through controlled chemical reactions. Made from high-quality, chemically resistant glass, it provides durability and clear visibility of internal reactions. The apparatus features multiple chambers that allow reactants to combine safely, generating gases such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, or carbon dioxide on demand. Commonly used in educational and research laboratories, the glass construction ensures resistance to chemical corrosion and thermal stress, making it ideal for repeated use in qualitative and quantitative gas experiments.