Ammonium Chromate Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Chromate Extra Pure is a high-purity, yellow crystalline compound primarily used in laboratory settings for analytical and inorganic chemistry applications. It serves as a strong oxidizing agent and is commonly utilized in qualitative analysis, particularly in the detection of cations, and in the preparation of chromate-based reagents. Its high solubility in water and ability to act as a corrosion inhibitor also make it useful in material science and electrochemical experiments. Due to the presence of hexavalent chromium, it is toxic and environmentally hazardous, requiring strict handling procedures and protective equipment. The extra pure grade ensures minimal impurities, making it suitable for high-precision research. It must be stored in tightly sealed containers, away from light, heat, and incompatible substances.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AnalyticalReagent, ChromiumVICompound, HeavyMetalDetection, HighPurityChromate, InorganicStandard, OxidizingAgent, PrecipitationReactions, ToxicChemical

Description

USES

Table of Contents

Primary Uses

Reagent in Qualitative Inorganic Analysis
- Used to test for the presence of lead(II), silver, and barium ions by forming characteristic yellow chromate precipitates.
Oxidizing Agent in Controlled Reactions
- Employed in redox chemistry to study oxidation reactions involving alcohols, aldehydes, or organics under lab supervision.
Pigment and Color Chemistry Studies
- Used in educational labs to demonstrate the vivid color of chromates and their application in pigment chemistry.
Precursor in Chromium Compound Synthesis
- Serves as a starting material for preparing chromium(III) salts or mixed oxidation-state compounds in research.
Environmental Chemistry Testing
- Applied in modeling chromium(VI) contamination, adsorption, and remediation in soil and water systems.

Secondary Uses

Photochemical Reaction Studies
- Investigated for its light sensitivity in historical and research experiments on photoreduction and photochromism.
Corrosion Testing & Metal Surface Treatment Research
- Involved in experimental treatments of metal surfaces or as a model for corrosion inhibitors.
Demonstrations of Toxic Heavy Metal Handling
- Used under strict supervision in teaching labs to illustrate proper procedures for handling carcinogenic and hazardous substances.
Precipitation Equilibria and Solubility Product (Ksp) Calculations
- Helps illustrate sparingly soluble salts and equilibrium shifts in precipitation reactions.
Electrochemical Studies
- Occasionally used in redox potential demonstrations and chromium(VI) electrochemical reduction studies.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Chromate
CAS Number: 7788-98-9
HS Code: 28415000 (Chromates of other metals)
Molecular Formula: (NH₄)₂CrO₄
Synonyms:
- Diammonium chromate
- Ammonium chromate(VI)
- Chromic acid, diammonium salt

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline powder)
Color & Odor: Yellow; odorless
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: ~180°C (decomposes)
Density/Specific Gravity: ~1.83 g/cm³
Solubility:
- Water: Freely soluble (~116 g/L at 25°C)
- Alcohol: Slightly soluble
pH Level: ~8.0–9.5 (in 5% aqueous solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid)

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Carcinogenicity (Category 1B)
- Mutagenicity (Category 1B)
- Reproductive Toxicity (Category 1B)
- Acute Toxicity – Oral/Inhalation (Category 3)
- Skin Corrosion/Irritation (Category 1B)
- Aquatic Acute & Chronic Toxicity (Category 1)
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 4
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 1
Exposure Limits:
- OSHA PEL (as Cr(VI)): 5 µg/m³ (TWA)
- ACGIH TLV (as Cr(VI)): 0.05 mg/m³
Reactivity:
- Strong oxidizer; may intensify fire
- Incompatible with organic materials, reducing agents, acids

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area
- Keep away from combustible materials
Incompatible Materials:
- Acids, reducing agents, organic substances, ethanol
Container Type:
- Glass or compatible plastic with chemical-resistant seal
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- 1–2 years in tightly sealed containers
Special Handling Requirements:
- MUST be handled in a fume hood
- Wear full PPE: gloves, goggles, lab coat, and mask/respirator
- Avoid any skin contact or inhalation of dust

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Strictly regulated under OSHA, REACH, EPA
- Listed as a known human carcinogen (IARC Group 1)
Transportation Restrictions:
- UN Number: UN3085 (Oxidizing solid, toxic, n.o.s.)
- Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizer), Subsidiary: 6.1 (Toxic)
Waste Disposal Method:
- Treated as hazardous waste
- Collect in sealed, labeled hazardous waste containers
- Dispose through licensed chemical waste contractor

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Extremely toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Persistence in Environment:
- Cr(VI) compounds are highly persistent and bioaccumulative
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Known human carcinogen (IARC Group 1)
- Mutagenic and teratogenic risks confirmed in multiple studies
Biodegradability:
- Not biodegradable; must be chemically reduced and treated for disposal

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, chemical-resistant gloves (preferably butyl rubber or nitrile), safety goggles, and face shield when risk of splashing exists.
- Use a certified fume hood—do not handle in open air.
- Use a disposable respirator or P3 filter if exposure to dust cannot be avoided.
Handling:
- Handle only in a well-ventilated fume hood.
- Avoid all exposure: highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.
- Do not mix with organic materials, reducing agents, acids, or combustible substances.
- Keep away from heat and friction—oxidizing properties can trigger reactions.
Storage:
- Store in a tightly closed, labeled container in a cool, dry, secure cabinet (preferably corrosive/oxidizer-rated).
- Keep away from incompatible substances (e.g., acids, organic materials, flammables).
- Label clearly with toxic and oxidizer warnings.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands and arms thoroughly after use—even if gloves were worn.
- Decontaminate surfaces after handling.
- Never eat, drink, or smoke in areas where the chemical is used.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Immediately move the person to fresh air.
- Administer oxygen or artificial respiration if breathing is difficult.
- Seek emergency medical attention—inhalation may damage lungs or kidneys.
Skin Contact:
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Immediately wash skin with large amounts of water and soap for at least 15 minutes.
- Seek medical attention—absorption through skin can be toxic.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15–20 minutes.
- Lift eyelids to ensure thorough flushing.
- Seek immediate medical attention—may cause permanent damage.
Ingestion:
- Do not induce vomiting.
- Rinse mouth with water if the person is conscious.
- Give water or milk only if advised by a medical professional.
- Seek emergency medical attention immediately—chromates are systemically toxic.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemical powder, CO₂, or foam.
- Do not use water spray directly on spilled material due to potential reactivity.
Specific Hazards:
- Not flammable, but acts as a strong oxidizer and can intensify fires.
- Thermal decomposition may release toxic chromium compounds, ammonia, and nitrogen oxides.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Wear full protective gear and a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Avoid any contact with smoke, fumes, or run-off.
Firefighting Instructions:
- Isolate area and evacuate personnel.
- Cool containers with water spray from a safe distance.
- Prevent run-off from entering water systems—it’s highly toxic to aquatic life.