Ammonium II Sulphate Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium II Sulphate Extra Pure, commonly known as ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4)(\text{(NH}_4)_2\text{SO}_4)((NH4)2SO4), is a high-purity, white crystalline solid widely used in laboratory settings for biochemical, analytical, and inorganic chemistry applications. It is especially valued for protein precipitation and purification through salting-out techniques due to its high solubility and ability to stabilize proteins. Additionally, it serves as a reliable source of nitrogen and sulfate ions in analytical reactions and standard solution preparations. The extra pure grade ensures minimal interference from contaminants, making it ideal for sensitive experimental procedures. It should be stored in a cool, dry place in well-sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption and caking.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AmmoniumSalt, AnalyticalGrade, BiochemicalReagent, BufferingAgent, HighPurityCompound, InorganicReagent, ProteinPurification, SaltingOutReagent

Description

USES

Primary Uses

Protein Precipitation (“Salting Out”)
- Widely used in biochemistry for precipitating and fractionating proteins based on solubility in high-salt solutions.
Reagent in Analytical Chemistry
- Supplies ammonium and sulfate ions for cation/anion qualitative analysis and precipitation reactions.
Buffer Component in Biochemical Assays
- Used in some biological buffer systems or to stabilize enzymes and proteins during purification or storage.
Nutrient in Microbial Culture Media
- Acts as a nitrogen source in minimal media for growing bacteria or fungi under lab conditions.
pH Adjustment and Ionic Strength Control
- Used to control ionic strength or pH in various chemical solutions or titration systems.

Secondary Uses

Crystallization of Biomolecules
- Employed in X-ray crystallography and other structural biology techniques to grow protein or enzyme crystals.
Simulation of Soil or Environmental Chemistry
- Used in lab-scale studies to model nitrogen leaching or sulfate behavior in agricultural or aquatic systems.
Teaching Reagent for Salt Properties
- Demonstrates solubility, ionic bonding, and thermodynamic behavior in general chemistry education labs.
Preparation of Ammonium-Based Reagents
- Acts as a precursor for synthesis of other ammonium salts, including lab-made fertilizers or solutions.
Stabilizer in Enzyme Storage Buffers
- Helps reduce microbial growth and enzymatic degradation when storing proteins long-term.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

. KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Sulphate
CAS Number: 7783-20-2
HS Code: 31022100 (Ammonium sulphate, fertilizer use; other HS codes may apply for lab use)
Molecular Formula: (NH₄)₂SO₄
Synonyms:
- Diammonium sulfate
- Ammonium sulfate
- Sulfuric acid diammonium salt
- Mascagnite (natural mineral form)

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline powder or granules)
Color & Odor: White crystals; odorless
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: ~235–280°C (decomposes)
Density/Specific Gravity: ~1.77 g/cm³
Solubility:
- Water: Highly soluble (~75.4 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- Alcohol: Insoluble
pH Level: ~5.0–6.0 (in 5% aqueous solution; slightly acidic)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Not classified as hazardous under GHS
- May cause mild eye or respiratory irritation if dust is inhaled
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 1
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits:
- No established OSHA/ACGIH limits
- General nuisance dust limits apply (10 mg/m³ total dust)
Reactivity:
- Stable under standard conditions
- Incompatible with strong bases and oxidizers

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry, tightly sealed container
- Protect from moisture (hygroscopic)
Incompatible Materials:
- Strong alkalis, nitrates, and oxidizing agents
Container Type:
- Plastic or glass containers with tight-fitting lids
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- ~3–5 years under dry storage conditions
Special Handling Requirements:
- Use gloves, lab coat, and eye protection
- Minimize dust generation during handling

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Listed under TSCA, REACH
- Commonly used in labs and approved in food/pharma grades (with different purity standards)
Hazard Symbols (GHS Pictograms):
- Not required for this compound
Transportation Restrictions:
- Not classified as a hazardous material for shipping
Waste Disposal Method:
- Dilute with water; dispose through standard chemical waste systems
- Avoid release into drains in large quantities

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Can contribute to eutrophication in aquatic systems in large quantities
- Low acute toxicity to aquatic organisms
Persistence in Environment:
- Dissociates into ammonium and sulfate ions, which are naturally occurring
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Biodegradability:
- Inorganic salt; not biodegradable but environmentally manageable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile), and safety goggles.
- Use a dust mask or operate in a fume hood if handling fine powder.
Handling:
- Handle in a well-ventilated area.
- Avoid inhalation of dust and contact with skin or eyes.
- Do not mix with strong oxidizers or alkalis.
- Minimize dust generation; clean up spills promptly.
Storage:
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in a tightly closed container.
- Protect from moisture—hygroscopic and may clump when exposed to air.
- Keep away from incompatible materials such as strong bases and oxidizers.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands and exposed areas thoroughly after handling.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the lab.
- Decontaminate work surfaces after use.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Move person to fresh air.
- If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical attention.
- Irritation to the respiratory tract is possible with dust exposure.
Skin Contact:
- Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
- Remove any contaminated clothing.
- Seek medical attention if irritation or rash develops.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes.
- Keep eyelids open and remove contact lenses if present.
- Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth thoroughly with water.
- Do not induce vomiting.
- If conscious, give water to dilute and seek immediate medical advice.
- High ingestion may cause gastrointestinal irritation or ammonia toxicity in rare cases.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemical, CO₂, foam, or water spray depending on the surrounding materials.
Specific Hazards:
- Not flammable, but at high temperatures may decompose, releasing:
  - Ammonia
  - Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
  - Sulfur oxides (SOₓ)
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Firefighting Instructions:
- Cool containers with water spray to avoid rupture from thermal decomposition.
- Avoid breathing decomposition vapors.
- Prevent runoff from entering drains or watercourses—can be harmful to aquatic life.