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Nitric Acid
Original price was: $ 2.00.$ 1.88Current price is: $ 1.88.
Nitric Acid is a concentrated aqueous solution of nitric acid (HNO₃) commonly used as a strong oxidizing acid in numerous industrial, laboratory, and manufacturing processes. It is a highly corrosive, colorless to yellowish liquid with a pungent odor. Nitric Acid 68% is fundamental in the production of fertilizers, explosives, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. It is also widely used in metal treatment, etching, and cleaning applications due to its powerful oxidizing and nitrating properties.
Nitric Acid
Primary Uses
- Fertilizer Production
- Used in the manufacture of ammonium nitrate fertilizers, a key nutrient source in agriculture.
- Explosives Manufacturing
- Essential in producing nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene (TNT), and other nitrate explosives.
- Chemical Synthesis
- Used as a nitrating agent in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and organic chemicals.
- Metal Treatment & Etching
- Employed for pickling stainless steel and other metals to remove oxides and prepare surfaces.
- Used in electroplating and metal refining processes.
- Laboratory Reagent
- Commonly used in analytical chemistry for sample digestion and preparation.
Secondary Uses
- Wastewater Treatment
- Used to neutralize alkaline wastes and assist in chemical treatment processes.
- Cleaning Agent
- Employed in specialized cleaning applications to remove mineral deposits and rust.
- Rocket Propellant Manufacture
- Used as a component in liquid rocket propellants (in combination with other chemicals).
- Textile Industry
- Utilized in dyeing and finishing processes to introduce nitro groups into textile chemicals.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Nitric acid
- Common/Trade Name: Nitric Acid 68%
- CAS Number: 7697-37-2
- HS Code: 2808.00.00
- Synonyms: Aqua fortis, spirit of nitre
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Liquid
- Color & Odor: Colorless to pale yellow; sharp, acrid odor
- Concentration: Typically 68% by weight
- Density: Approx. 1.41 g/cm³
- Boiling Point: ~120.5°C (at 68%)
- Solubility: Miscible with water
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Corrosive (Category 1), Oxidizing (Category 3), Acute toxicity (Category 3 inhalation)
- Toxicity: Highly corrosive to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract
- Exposure Limits: Strict occupational exposure limits apply (e.g., OSHA PEL 2 ppm)
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in cool, well-ventilated, corrosion-resistant containers away from combustible materials and bases
- Container Type: Typically supplied in acid-resistant plastic or glass-lined steel containers
- Shelf Life: Stable if stored properly under recommended conditions
- Handling Precautions: Use acid-resistant gloves, face shield, and protective clothing; handle under fume hood or in well-ventilated areas
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with international standards for industrial nitric acid
- Listed as a hazardous material under OSHA, REACH, and other regulations
- Subject to strict transport and storage regulations due to corrosivity and oxidizing nature
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Not biodegradable; neutralizes to nitrates in environment
- Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life; avoid release into waterways
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Acid-resistant gloves, eye protection, face shield, protective clothing, and respiratory protection if airborne exposure possible
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid skin, eye contact, and inhalation of vapors
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and segregated from incompatible substances
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek urgent medical attention
- Skin Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical care
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water continuously for at least 15 minutes; urgent medical attention required
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth; seek emergency medical care immediately
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but reacts violently with many materials
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam; avoid dry chemical on large spills
- Special Precautions: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May release nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other toxic gases
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