Ammonium Iodide Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Iodide Extra Pure is a high-purity, white to slightly yellow crystalline compound highly soluble in water and alcohol, commonly used in laboratory chemistry for analytical, synthetic, and photographic applications. It serves as a valuable source of iodide ions in organic and inorganic reactions, including halide exchange and the preparation of iodine-containing compounds. In analytical chemistry, it is used in iodometric titrations and as a reagent for detecting metal ions. The extra pure grade ensures exceptional chemical stability and low levels of impurities, supporting accurate, reproducible results in sensitive experiments. It should be stored in tightly sealed containers, away from light and moisture, to prevent decomposition and discoloration.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AnalyticalReagent, HalideSalt, HighPurityIodide, InorganicStandard, IodideSource, LightSensitiveChemical, NH4I, ReducingAgent

Description

USES

Primary Uses

Source of Iodide Ions in Analytical Chemistry
- Supplies I⁻ ions for halide tests, redox titrations, or precipitation reactions (e.g., with silver nitrate).
Precursor in Organic Synthesis
- Used in iodination reactions, as a nucleophilic source of iodine in substitution or coupling chemistry.
Reagent in Redox Chemistry
- Involved in iodine/iodide redox systems, useful in demonstrating oxidation-reduction equilibrium and kinetics.
Component in Iodometric Titrations
- Used to generate free iodine in the presence of oxidizing agents (e.g., Cu²⁺, Cl₂), for quantitative redox analysis.
Educational Demonstrations in Halide Chemistry
- Excellent for student experiments exploring reactivity trends, solubility, and acid-base reactions of halides.

Secondary Uses

Photography and Light-Sensitive Chemistry
- Investigated in silver iodide precipitation and old photographic emulsions in research or historical chemistry contexts.
Crystallization Studies
- Sometimes used to demonstrate salt crystal growth and behavior under different humidity or temperature conditions.
Model Compound in Environmental Chemistry
- Used in studying iodide transport, sorption, and redox conversion in simulated groundwater or ocean systems.
Intermediate in Preparation of Organic Iodides
- Supplies iodide for formation of alkyl iodides, aryl iodides, or iodinated drugs in synthetic methods.
Demonstration of Air Sensitivity and Decomposition
- Decomposes slowly in moist air, releasing iodine — useful in teaching decomposition and stability of halide salts.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Iodide
CAS Number: 12027-06-4
HS Code: 28276000 (Iodides and iodide oxides)
Molecular Formula: NH₄I
Synonyms:
- Ammonium monoiodide
- Iodic acid ammonium salt
- Ammonium iodide (1:1)

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline powder)
Color & Odor: White to pale yellow crystals; odorless (may darken over time due to iodine release)
Boiling Point: Decomposes
Melting Point: ~551°C
Density/Specific Gravity: ~2.51 g/cm³
Solubility:
- Water: Freely soluble (~176 g/100 mL at 25°C)
- Alcohol: Soluble
pH Level: ~5.0–6.0 (in 5% aqueous solution; slightly acidic)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Eye Irritation (Category 2A)
- Skin Irritation (Category 2)
- Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure (Category 2, thyroid)
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 1
Exposure Limits:
- No specific OSHA/ACGIH limits
- Use general precautions for iodide salts
Reactivity:
- Light-sensitive; decomposes on exposure to air and light, releasing iodine
- Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and acids

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in tightly sealed, amber containers
- Protect from moisture, heat, and light
Incompatible Materials:
- Acids, oxidizers, bromine, chlorine
Container Type:
- Amber glass or HDPE containers with air-tight lids
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- ~2 years if protected from air/light
Special Handling Requirements:
- Use gloves, goggles, lab coat
- Avoid inhaling dust; handle in a ventilated space

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Listed under TSCA, REACH
- Iodide salts regulated in some jurisdictions due to potential thyroid effects
Transportation Restrictions:
- Not regulated for normal lab quantities
Waste Disposal Method:
- Avoid release into drains
- Neutralize and dispose via approved chemical waste handler

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Harmful to aquatic life at high concentrations
Persistence in Environment:
- Iodide ions may persist and bioaccumulate in aquatic environments
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic
- May affect thyroid hormone production upon long-term exposure
Biodegradability:
- Inorganic; not biodegradable but environmentally manageable in small amounts

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, chemical splash goggles, and nitrile or neoprene gloves.
- Use a fume hood or ensure good ventilation—this salt can release iodine vapors in moist air.
Handling:
- Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors and contact with skin and eyes.
- Handle with care in a dry environment—ammonium iodide is hygroscopic and can decompose in moist air.
- Avoid mixing with strong acids or oxidizing agents (can release iodine or toxic gases).
Storage:
- Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated location.
- Protect from light, moisture, and heat.
- Store separately from acids, oxidizers, and light-sensitive substances.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
- Clean work areas after use and avoid spreading contamination.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the lab.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Move the person to fresh air immediately.
- If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.
- Vapors or dust may cause irritation to the nose and throat.
Skin Contact:
- Rinse skin thoroughly with soap and water.
- Remove any contaminated clothing and launder before reuse.
- Seek medical attention if irritation develops.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse cautiously with plenty of water for 15 minutes.
- Hold eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.
- Seek immediate medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth with water.
- Do not induce vomiting.
- If the person is conscious, give water to dilute.
- Seek immediate medical attention—iodide salts in high doses can cause thyroid and gastrointestinal effects.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemicals, carbon dioxide (CO₂), alcohol-resistant foam, or water spray depending on the surroundings.
Specific Hazards:
- Not flammable, but may decompose when heated to release toxic vapors, including:
  - Iodine gas (I₂)
  - Ammonia (NH₃)
  - Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Firefighting Instructions:
- Cool containers exposed to fire with water spray.
- Avoid inhalation of decomposition fumes.

Prevent runoff from entering drains or water bodies—toxic to aquatic life.