Aqeous Ammonia Solution Extra Pure

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  • SHORT DESCRIPTION

Aqueous Ammonia Solution Extra Pure is a high-purity, clear, colorless liquid consisting of ammonia gas dissolved in water, emitting a strong, characteristic odor. It is widely used in laboratory chemistry as a weak base and complexing agent in acid-base titrations, buffer preparation, and qualitative inorganic analysis, particularly for detecting metal ions through complex formation. It also plays a role in pH adjustment, sample preparation, and synthesis of ammonium compounds. The extra pure grade ensures low levels of impurities, making it ideal for sensitive analytical procedures and high-precision research. Due to its volatility and corrosive nature, it should be handled in well-ventilated areas and stored in tightly sealed, chemical-resistant containers away from heat and direct sunlight.

Description
  • USES

Primary Uses

  1. Alkaline Reagent and pH Adjuster 
    • Commonly used to raise pH in titrations, buffer preparation, and general aqueous reactions. 
  2. Complexing Agent in Inorganic Analysis 
    • Forms ammonia complexes with metal ions (e.g., Cu²⁺, Ag⁺, Ni²⁺), aiding in qualitative analysis and separation of cations. 
  3. Precipitant in Group III and IV Inorganic Qualitative Analysis 
    • Used to precipitate metal hydroxides such as Fe(OH)₃, Al(OH)₃, Zn(OH)₂ under controlled pH. 
  4. Neutralizing Agent in Acid–Base Titrations 
    • A weak base used in titrations and buffer studies, especially for demonstrating weak base–strong acid behavior. 
  5. Preparation of Ammonium Salts and Lab Reagents 
    • Reacts with acids or acidic oxides to form ammonium salts (e.g., NH₄Cl, NH₄NO₃) for synthesis or calibration. 

Secondary Uses

  1. Cleaning Agent for Glassware and Electrodes 
    • Removes organic residues or metal deposits from lab equipment, especially when combined with peroxide or acids (used with caution). 
  2. Reagent in Nessler’s Test for Ammonia Detection 
    • Forms colored complex with Nessler’s reagent — useful in trace ammonia or nitrogen analysis. 
  3. Reducing Agent in Redox Systems (Mild Conditions) 
    • In select systems, can act as a reducing agent or participate in redox equilibria (e.g., silver oxide reduction). 
  4. Ligand in Coordination Complex Synthesis 
    • Introduces labile NH₃ ligands into metal centers in coordination and transition metal chemistry studies. 
  5. Demonstration of Gas Solubility and Equilibrium 
    • Used to show Henry’s Law, dynamic equilibria, and acid–base gas absorption phenomena.

 

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

  • Chemical Name: Ammonia Solution (Aqueous Ammonia) 
  • CAS Number: 1336-21-6 
  • HS Code: 28142000 (Ammonia in aqueous solution) 
  • Molecular Formula: NH₄OH (often written, though it exists in equilibrium as NH₃ + H₂O) 
  • Synonyms: 
    • Aqueous ammonia 
    • Ammonium hydroxide 
    • Aqua ammonia 
    • Ammonia water 

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

  • Physical State: Liquid 
  • Color & Odor: Colorless liquid with a strong pungent, ammonia-like odor 
  • Boiling Point: ~27–33 °C (for concentrated solutions) 
  • Melting Point: ~−57.5 °C 
  • Density/Specific Gravity: ~0.91 g/cm³ (for ~25–30% NH₃ solution) 
  • Solubility: 
    • Water: Completely miscible 
    • Ethanol: Soluble 
  • pH Level: ~11.6–12.5 (depending on concentration) 
  • Vapor Pressure: High – releases ammonia gas readily 
  • Flash Point: Not flammable, but ammonia vapors are flammable in air (~651 °C autoignition) 
  • Autoignition Temperature: ~651 °C 
  • Viscosity: ~0.88 mPa·s 

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes 

  • Hazard Class (GHS): 
    • Skin Corrosion/Irritation (Category 2) 
    • Serious Eye Damage (Category 1) 
    • Aquatic Toxicity – Acute & Chronic (Category 2) 
  • NFPA Ratings: 
    • Health: 3 
    • Flammability: 1 
    • Reactivity: 0 
  • Exposure Limits: 
    • OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (35 mg/m³) 
    • ACGIH TLV: 25 ppm TWA, 35 ppm STEL 
  • Reactivity: 
    • Reacts with acids, oxidizers, and halogens 
    • Can form explosive mixtures with air at high concentrations 

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

  • Storage Conditions: 
    • Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat and acids 
    • Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent gas escape 
  • Incompatible Materials: 
    • Acids, halogens (e.g., chlorine), hypochlorites, strong oxidizers, metals like copper and zinc 
  • Container Type: 
    • Vented HDPE plastic or glass bottles 
  • Shelf Life & Expiration Date: 
    • ~1 year (ammonia concentration decreases over time) 
  • Special Handling Requirements: 
    • Use chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and lab coat 
    • Work under fume hood due to strong vapors 

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes 

  • Regulatory Status: 
    • Listed in TSCA, REACH, and regulated under OSHA, DOT 
  • Transportation Restrictions: 
    • UN Number: UN 2672 
    • Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive), Packing Group III 
  • Waste Disposal Method: 
    • Neutralize with dilute acid under controlled conditions 
    • Dispose through certified hazardous waste handler

6. Environmental & Health Impact

  • Ecotoxicity: 
    • Very toxic to aquatic life due to pH elevation and ammonia toxicity 
  • Persistence in Environment: 
    • Volatile, but ammonia can accumulate in enclosed systems 
  • Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: 
    • Not classified as carcinogenic 
  • Biodegradability: 
    • Inorganic; ammonia is naturally assimilated by soil and plants but in excess is harmful 
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 

  1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): 
    • Wear: 
      • Lab coat 
      • Chemical splash goggles 
      • Nitrile or neoprene gloves 
      • Face shield (for large volumes or risk of splashing) 
    • Use only in a fume hood—vapors are sharp and irritating. 
  2. Handling: 
    • Avoid inhalation of vapors. 
    • Prevent contact with skin, eyes, or clothing. 
    • Open containers carefully—ammonia fumes are volatile and corrosive. 
    • Never mix with acids—can cause violent reactions and release large amounts of ammonia gas. 
  3. Storage: 
    • Keep in a tightly sealed container in a cool, well-ventilated place. 
    • Store away from: 
      • Acids 
      • Oxidizing agents 
      • Heat and direct sunlight 
    • Use corrosion-resistant storage containers (e.g., HDPE). 
  4. Hygiene Measures: 
    • Wash hands after handling. 
    • Avoid touching your face or eyes while working with the solution. 
    • Clean surfaces thoroughly after spills or use. 

FIRST AID MEASURES

  1. Inhalation: 
    • Move the person to fresh air immediately. 
    • Loosen tight clothing and ensure open airways. 
    • Provide oxygen if breathing is labored. 
    • Seek urgent medical attention—vapors may cause respiratory irritation or lung damage. 
  2. Skin Contact: 
    • Remove contaminated clothing. 
    • Rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. 
    • Seek medical attention if irritation or burns develop. 
  3. Eye Contact: 
    • Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids apart. 
    • Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. 
    • Seek immediate medical attention—can cause severe eye burns and permanent damage. 
  4. Ingestion: 
    • Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. 
    • Do not induce vomiting. 
    • Give water or milk if the person is fully conscious. 
    • Seek emergency medical care—ingestion can result in burns to the mouth, throat, and stomach. 

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

  1. Extinguishing Media: 
    • Use dry chemicals, CO₂, alcohol-resistant foam, or water spray. 
    • Do not use water jets directly on ammonia tanks. 
  2. Fire Hazards: 
    • Not flammable, but heating can release flammable ammonia gas. 
    • Containers may rupture under heat due to vapor pressure. 
    • Thermal decomposition can release: 
      • Ammonia (NH₃) 
      • Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) 
  3. Protective Equipment: 
    • Firefighters must wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing. 
  4. Firefighting Instructions: 
    • Cool fire-exposed containers with water spray. 
    • Approach from upwind to avoid vapors. 
    • Prevent runoff from entering drains—toxic to aquatic life.