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Phloretin
Phloretin is a natural dihydrochalcone flavonoid primarily extracted from apple tree leaves and other fruit sources. It is recognized for its potent antioxidant properties and its ability to inhibit melanin synthesis, making it highly valued in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Phloretin is a yellowish crystalline powder with low solubility in water but good solubility in organic solvents. It is widely used in skincare formulations for its skin-brightening, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Phloretin
Primary Uses
- Cosmetics and Skincare
- Used as a skin-brightening agent to reduce hyperpigmentation and age spots.
- Acts as an antioxidant protecting skin cells from free radical damage.
- Incorporated in anti-aging formulations to improve skin texture and elasticity.
- Helps inhibit melanin production, making it effective in treating melasma and uneven skin tone.
- Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals
- Studied for its anti-inflammatory and potential anticancer properties.
- Used in supplements aimed at reducing oxidative stress.
- Research and Development
- Employed in laboratory studies investigating antioxidant mechanisms and skin-related disorders.
Secondary Uses
- Food Industry
- Investigated as a natural preservative due to its antioxidant effects (limited use).
- Agriculture
- Used experimentally for plant health due to its antifungal properties.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one
- Common/Trade Name: Phloretin
- CAS Number: 60-82-2
- HS Code: 2934.99.90
- Synonyms: Dihydrochalcone, Apple flavonoid
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: Yellow powder; odorless to slight phenolic scent
- Solubility: Poorly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol and DMSO
- Melting Point: 218–221°C
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous at typical use levels
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; minimal irritation potential
- Exposure Limits: No established occupational limits
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture
- Container Type: Sealed glass or plastic containers
- Shelf Life: 2 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust formation and inhalation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with cosmetic ingredient standards
- Registered as a natural ingredient in cosmetic and nutraceutical databases
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental impact
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Safety: Considered safe with standard precautions
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves and dust mask recommended
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhalation of powder
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry environment
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if discomfort occurs
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible powder
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Avoid dust clouds which may be explosive
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides and phenolic compounds
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