Binder

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A binder is a broad category of substances—organic or inorganic—used to hold different materials together in a cohesive mass. Common binders include natural polymers (starch, cellulose derivatives, proteins), synthetic resins (PVA, acrylics, phenolics), and inorganic binders (clays, cement, lime). They are essential in industries such as pharmaceuticals, construction, coatings, ceramics, adhesives, and printing, where they provide structural integrity, adhesion, and controlled release properties.

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Categories: Binders/Resins, Fillers and Reinforcements, Sealants and Adhesives Tags: Binding agent, Construction materials, Food additive binder, Pharmaceutical excipient, Powder binder, Tablet manufacturing

Description

Table of Contents

Binder

Primary Uses

Pharmaceuticals

Serves as a granulating and tablet-binding agent (e.g., starch, PVP, HPMC).
Enables sustained-release formulations by controlling drug release rates.
Incorporates coatings to ensure film forming or taste masking.

Construction & Ceramics

Used in cement, mortar, and plaster to hold aggregates together (e.g., lime, cement).
-binds ceramic powders in clay bodies, tile, and brick manufacturing.

Coatings, Paints & Inks

Acts as a film-forming agent in paints, varnishes, and inks (e.g., acrylic, epoxy resins).
Provides adhesion, gloss, and durability.

Adhesives & Glues

Forms adhesive products ranging from PVA glue to epoxy and hot-melt adhesives.

Secondary Uses

Metallurgy: Binders in powder metallurgy to hold metal powders before sintering.
Food Industry: Used in processed foods as binding agents (e.g., starch, gums).
Animal Feed: Enables pellet formation for feed efficiency.
Cosmetics: Binders in compressed powders and pressed makeup.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Varies by binder type (e.g., Polyvinyl acetate, Starch)
Common/Trade Name: Binder
CAS Number: Varies depending on specific binder
HS Code: Varies (e.g., organic binders 3901–3917; inorganic 2523–2526)
Molecular Formula: Varies
Synonyms: Adhesive agent, binding agent, film former

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Powder, granule, liquid, emulsion, or paste
Color & Odor: Typically white/clear; odorless or mild smell
Melting/ TG Range: Varies; some degrade instead of melting
Solubility: Water-soluble (e.g., starch), oil-soluble (e.g., phenolics), or water-dispersible
Viscosity: Varies with concentration and binder chemistry
pH (aqueous systems): Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 4–8)

Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Varies; many are non-hazardous, but some (like solvents) may be irritants or flammable
NFPA Ratings: Typically Health 0–1, Flammability 0–2, Reactivity 0–1
Exposure Limits: Depends on chemistry; dust or solvent handling requires control measures
Reactivity: Usually stable; may react with strong oxidizers or acids/bases depending on type

Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Cool, dry area; away from ignition sources for solvent-based types
Container Type: Sealed drums or cans for liquids; bags or bulk containers for powders
Shelf Life: 1–3 years, depending on type and storage
Special Handling: Avoid dust generation and solvent vapor exposure; maintain temperature control

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Status: Many binders are GRAS or comply with FDA/EU guidelines; some require REACH/TSCA registrations
Transportation: Generally non-regulated, unless solvent-borne and flammable
Waste Disposal: According to local hazardous waste or standard industrial disposal

Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Varies—natural and water-based binders typically low toxicity; synthetic/solvent-borne may pose risks
Persistence: Organic binders degrade over time; synthetic resins are persistent
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Typically low risk; solvent-based binders may involve VOCs
Biodegradability: Natural binders are generally biodegradable; synthetic resins resist biodegradation

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

Wear appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, masks) to prevent skin or respiratory exposure.
Handle powders with dust controls; ventilate solvent-borne types.
Avoid ignition sources for flammable binders.
Prevent contamination and control spills promptly.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air and seek medical advice if irritation occurs.
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical care if irritation occurs.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; if large amounts consumed, consult medical attention.

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Powder types non-flammable; solvent-based binders may be flammable.
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ depending on binder type.
Protective Measures: Firefighters should wear suitable protective clothing and breathing apparatus if needed.