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Calamus Oil
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Calamus Oil is a warm, spicy-aromatic essential oil obtained through steam distillation of the dried roots (rhizomes) of Acorus calamus, commonly known as sweet flag. This highly fragrant oil carries an earthy, woody, and slightly peppery scent with a leathery undertone. Traditionally valued in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine systems, Calamus Oil has found applications in perfumery, hair care, aromatherapy, and natural health preparations due to its stimulating, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
While effective in small external doses, Calamus Oil must be used with caution as it contains β-asarone, a compound restricted in internal use due to potential toxicity. It remains widely used in external formulations like massage oils, hair tonics, and perfumes.
Description
Calamus Oil
Primary Uses
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Used in hair oils and scalp tonics to stimulate circulation, reduce dandruff, and support healthy hair growth.
- Included in massage oils and balms for its warming, anti-inflammatory action, especially for joint and muscular pain.
- Incorporated into soaps, bath oils, and skin salves for its deep, grounding scent and antimicrobial properties.
- Utilized in deodorants and foot care products for its antibacterial effects.
- Added to natural toothpaste and mouth rinses (non-ingestible) for traditional oral care.
- Fragrance and Perfumery
- Used as a base note and fixative in perfumes, colognes, and incense due to its persistent, leathery, spicy aroma.
- Common in oriental, woody, and resinous fragrance blends.
- Blended with cedarwood, patchouli, vetiver, and clove oils in natural perfumery.
- Aromatherapy (Cautious Use)
- Applied externally in diluted form to relieve mental fatigue and boost clarity and focus.
- Used in grounding blends for calming the mind and supporting meditation practices.
Secondary Uses
- Traditional Medicine & Herbal Applications
- Historically used topically in poultices and oils for neuralgia, arthritis, and digestive discomfort (external use only).
- Used in Ayurvedic and Siddha preparations for skin and hair balance (non-ingestible).
- Natural Insect Repellent
- Occasionally included in natural pest repellent sprays or oils due to its strong aroma.
KEY PRODUCT FEATURES
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Botanical Source: Acorus calamus
- Common/Trade Name: Calamus Oil
- INCI Name: Acorus Calamus Root Oil
- CAS Number: 8015-79-0
- HS Code: 3301.29
- Synonyms: Sweet Flag Oil, Calami Rhizoma Oil, Vacha Oil
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Liquid
- Color & Odor: Pale yellow to brown; warm, woody, spicy, slightly peppery aroma
- Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol and fixed oils
- Main Components: β-Asarone (varies), α-asarone, shyobunone, eugenol
- Refractive Index: 1.500 – 1.540
- Specific Gravity: 0.960 – 1.020
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Irritant; toxic if ingested
- Toxicity: Contains β-asarone, restricted for internal use in many countries
- Allergen Information: May cause sensitization in some individuals
- Exposure Limits: For external use only, dilute to ≤ 0.1–0.2% in topical formulations
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store tightly sealed in a cool, dark place
- Container Type: Amber glass or aluminum bottles
- Shelf Life: Up to 24 months when stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Do not ingest; avoid prolonged skin contact or use on broken skin
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Not permitted for internal use in the US and EU due to β-asarone content
- External use permitted under cosmetic regulations when properly diluted
- Use restricted or regulated in several markets; compliance with IFRA guidelines required
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low when used responsibly
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected in typical cosmetic concentrations
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves and goggles for bulk handling
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid ingestion or undiluted skin application; keep away from children and pets
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Rinse with soap and water if redness or irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Flush immediately with water for at least 15 minutes
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical assistance immediately
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Flammable oil
- Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, or CO₂
- Special Precautions: Use protective gear in enclosed areas
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, aromatic compounds
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