Chlorinated Paraffin Wax

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Chlorinated Paraffin Wax is a synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon obtained by the chlorination of paraffin wax. It typically appears as a waxy solid, ranging from light yellow to dark brown depending on the degree of chlorination and the chain length of the paraffins. CPW is valued for its excellent flame retardant, plasticizing, and extreme pressure (EP) additive properties. It is widely used in industrial applications including metalworking fluids, PVC formulations, rubber compounding, and flame retardant materials. CPW offers thermal stability, chemical resistance, and lubricating qualities, making it a versatile industrial additive.

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Categories: Plasticizers, Flame Retardants Tags: Chlorinated hydrocarbon, Chlorinated paraffin wax, Flame retardants, Oily waxy solid, Plasticizers and lubricants, Synthetic wax

Description

Table of Contents

Chlorinated Paraffin Wax

Primary Uses

Industrial & Manufacturing Applications

Used as a flame retardant additive in paints, coatings, plastics (especially PVC), textiles, and rubber products.
Acts as an extreme pressure (EP) additive in metalworking fluids and lubricants to reduce wear and friction.
Serves as a plasticizer and stabilizer in PVC and other polymer formulations, improving flexibility and durability.
Employed in sealants, adhesives, and caulks to enhance performance and resistance to environmental factors.

Rubber Industry

Incorporated into rubber compounds to improve processing characteristics, flexibility, and resistance to abrasion.

Secondary Uses

Paints and Coatings

Used as a secondary plasticizer and pigment dispersant in specialty coatings.

Electrical Industry

Utilized in cable sheathing and insulation materials for its flame retardant and insulating properties.

Textile Industry

Applied in textile finishing agents for flame retardancy and durability enhancements.

Leather Industry

Added to leather treatments to improve water resistance and durability.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Chlorinated paraffin (complex mixture of polychlorinated n-alkanes)
Common/Trade Name: Chlorinated Paraffin Wax (CPW)
CAS Number: 63449-39-8 (varies by chlorination degree)
HS Code: 2712.90.20
Molecular Formula: Variable — CnH2n+2-xClx (where n = 10–30+, x = chlorine atoms)
Synonyms:
- CPW
- Chlorinated paraffin
- Polychlorinated n-alkanes

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid wax (flakes, powder, or pastilles)
Color & Odor: Light yellow to dark brown; mild characteristic odor
Melting Point: Typically 50–105°C depending on chlorination and chain length
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: Approx. 1.3–1.6 g/cm³ depending on chlorination
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as chlorinated solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons, and oils
Chlorine Content: Typically 40–70% by weight, depending on product grade
Stability: Chemically stable under normal conditions; decomposes at elevated temperatures releasing HCl

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Classified as hazardous depending on chlorination degree and formulation; may be harmful if inhaled or ingested
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 1
Exposure Limits: Use with appropriate ventilation; avoid inhalation of dust or fumes
Toxicity: Possible skin and respiratory irritant; suspected to be persistent organic pollutant (varies by grade)
Reactivity: Stable but may release toxic gases (HCl) on thermal decomposition

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and ignition sources
Container Type: Sealed metal drums or fiberboard containers lined with inert materials
Shelf Life: Up to 3 years if stored properly
Special Handling: Use PPE including gloves, goggles, and dust masks; avoid dust generation

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

REACH Status: Subject to restrictions due to environmental and health concerns (varies by chlorine content)
Transportation: Classified as non-dangerous goods but subject to local regulations
Waste Disposal: Dispose as hazardous waste in compliance with local regulations; avoid environmental release
Environmental Restrictions: Some chlorinated paraffins are restricted or banned in certain regions (e.g., EU) due to persistence and bioaccumulation

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Persistent and bioaccumulative; toxic to aquatic organisms
Persistence: Very persistent in the environment
Bioaccumulation: High potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Some grades are suspected carcinogens; regulatory agencies recommend caution
Biodegradability: Poorly biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE: Protective gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection if dust or fumes are present
Handling: Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors; use local exhaust ventilation
Storage: Keep containers tightly closed; store away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke during use

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulties develop
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Combustible; may release toxic gases including HCl when burned
Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂; avoid water jets
Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and other toxic fumes