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LABORATORY GRADE

Chloroform Extra Pure

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Chloroform Extra Pure is a high-purity, colorless, and volatile liquid commonly used in laboratory environments as a solvent, reagent, and extraction medium. Due to its excellent solvency for fats, alkaloids, and other organic compounds, it plays a key role in organic synthesis, chromatography, and sample preparation. In molecular biology, it is frequently used in nucleic acid extraction protocols. The extra pure grade ensures low levels of impurities, making it suitable for analytical and research applications that demand high accuracy. It must be handled with proper ventilation, protective equipment, and stored away from light and heat to prevent decomposition and formation of toxic by-products like phosgene.

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Description

Primary Uses
Organic Solvent for Extractions

Widely used in liquid-liquid extraction, especially to isolate alkaloids, lipids, and other nonpolar compounds due to its high solubility for hydrophobic substances.

DNA/RNA Extraction Reagent

Essential in phenol-chloroform extraction protocols for separating nucleic acids from proteins in molecular biology labs.

Reagent in Organic Synthesis

Used in reactions involving halogenated intermediates, such as the Reimer–Tiemann reaction to form aromatic aldehydes from phenols.

Sample Preparation for Spectroscopy

Occasionally used to dissolve compounds before IR or NMR analysis when non-aqueous solvents are required.

Secondary Uses
Cleaning Solvent in Analytical Labs

Employed (with caution) for cleaning glassware or removing organic residues in delicate analytical setups.

Solvent for Pesticide Residue Analysis

Used in some GC-MS sample preps for dissolving or concentrating analytes from environmental or agricultural samples.

Reference Material in Spectroscopy

Chloroform-d (deuterated chloroform) is a standard solvent for ¹H and ¹³C NMR, but non-deuterated chloroform can also be used as a comparative solvent.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes
Chemical Name: Chloroform

CAS Number: 67-66-3

HS Code: 2903.11.00

Molecular Formula: CHCl₃

Molecular Weight: 119.38 g/mol

Synonyms: Trichloromethane, Methane trichloride

2. Physical & Chemical Properties
Appearance: Clear, colorless, volatile liquid

Odor: Sweet, ether-like

Boiling Point: 61.2°C

Melting Point: -63.5°C

Density: 1.489 g/cm³ at 20°C

Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (8 g/L), miscible with ethanol, ether, benzene

Vapor Pressure: ~213 mmHg at 25°C

Refractive Index: 1.4459 (at 20°C)

Flash Point: Non-flammable (liquid), but vapors may decompose under flame

Autoignition Temperature: 982°C

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
GHS Classification:

H302: Harmful if swallowed

H315: Causes skin irritation

H319: Causes serious eye irritation

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness

H351: Suspected of causing cancer

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child

H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

NFPA Ratings:

Health: 2

Flammability: 1

Reactivity: 0

Exposure Limits:

OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (TWA)

ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (TWA)

First Aid Measures:

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; seek medical attention

Skin/Eyes: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes

Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention

4. Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions:

Store in a tightly sealed amber glass container

Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from light and heat

Protect from air and moisture to prevent decomposition

Container Type: Amber glass bottle with secure chemical-resistant cap

Incompatible Materials: Alkalis, strong bases, reactive metals, strong oxidizers

Stability: Light-sensitive; decomposes slowly in air and light to form phosgene (toxic)

Shelf Life: ~2 years (with proper inhibitor and storage)

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
Transportation (UN Number):

UN 1888 – Chloroform

Class: 6.1 (Toxic Substances)

Packing Group: III

Waste Disposal Method:

Dispose as hazardous waste in accordance with local regulations

Do not pour down the drain or mix with incompatible substances
6. Environmental & Health Impact
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms; avoid environmental release

Persistence: Volatile, not readily biodegradable

Bioaccumulation: Low to moderate potential

Carcinogenicity: IARC Group 2B – Possibly carcinogenic to humans

 

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

PPE Required:

Lab coat

Chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., Viton or nitrile)

Safety goggles or face shield

Use a certified chemical fume hood (strictly required)

Handling:

Handle in a well-ventilated area only inside a fume hood.

Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.

Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame.

Storage:

Store in tightly closed, amber glass containers.

Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.

Protect from light and moisture (may form phosgene when exposed to air/light).

Store away from oxidizers, alkalis, and reactive metals.

FIRST AID MEASURES
Inhalation:

Move the person to fresh air immediately.

Give oxygen if breathing is difficult.

Seek urgent medical attention (chloroform is a CNS depressant).

Skin Contact:

Wash immediately with soap and plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.

Remove contaminated clothing.

Get medical help if irritation or pain persists.

Eye Contact:

Flush eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes.

Lift eyelids occasionally.

Seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.

Rinse mouth with water.

Seek immediate medical attention (chloroform is toxic and hepatotoxic).

FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
Flammability:

Non-flammable but may decompose when heated to produce toxic gases (phosgene, HCl, CO).

Suitable Extinguishers:

Dry chemical

Carbon dioxide

Alcohol-resistant foam

Fire Hazards:

Containers may explode under high heat.

Thermal decomposition may release phosgene gas (highly toxic).

Firefighting Gear:

Full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) mandatory.

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