Cyclohexanone

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Cyclohexanone is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp, sweet, acetone-like odor. It is a cyclic ketone with the molecular formula C₆H₁₀O and a moderately high boiling point. Cyclohexanone is a key intermediate in the chemical industry, primarily used in the manufacture of nylon, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Its excellent solvency and chemical reactivity make it valuable for a wide range of industrial applications, including solvent use and chemical synthesis.

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Categories: Catalysts, Solvents (Cleaning) Tags: Colorless to pale yellow liquid, Cyclohexanone, Degreasers and cleaning agents, Organic Solvent

Description

Table of Contents

Cyclohexanone

Primary Uses

Chemical Intermediate

Primarily used as a precursor in the production of adipic acid and caprolactam, which are essential monomers for nylon-6 and nylon-66 manufacture.
Serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and plasticizers.

Solvent Applications

Utilized as a solvent for resins, paints, coatings, adhesives, and inks due to its ability to dissolve a wide variety of organic compounds.
Employed in cleaning and degreasing metal parts and surfaces in industrial settings.

Laboratory and Industrial Chemistry

Used as a reagent and solvent in organic synthesis and chemical research.
Acts as a medium for chemical reactions including condensations and reductions.

Secondary Uses

Flavor and Fragrance Industry

Used as a minor component or intermediate in the synthesis of certain fragrances and flavor compounds.

Electronics Industry

Utilized for cleaning circuit boards and electronic components due to its good solvency and volatility.

Polymer and Coatings Industry

Used in the formulation of specialty coatings, lacquers, and polymer blends.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Cyclohexanone
Common/Trade Name: Cyclohexanone
CAS Number: 108-94-1
HS Code: 2914.11.00
Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₀O
Synonyms:
- Oxocyclohexane
- Cyclohexyl ketone

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Liquid
Color & Odor: Colorless to pale yellow; sharp, sweet, acetone-like odor
Melting Point: -31°C
Boiling Point: 155.6°C
Density: 0.946 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility:
- Slightly soluble in water (~23 g/L at 20°C)
- Miscible with most organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, acetone, and benzene
Vapor Pressure: Approx. 8.5 mmHg at 20°C
Flash Point: 41°C (closed cup)
Stability: Stable under normal conditions but can form peroxides upon prolonged exposure to air and light

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Flammable liquid, irritant, harmful if swallowed or inhaled
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 3
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL = 50 ppm (8-hour TWA)
Toxicity: Can cause irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system; central nervous system depressant at high exposure levels
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers; forms peroxides on prolonged air exposure

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources and strong oxidizers.
Container Type: Metal or glass containers with vapor-tight seals.
Shelf Life: Typically 1-2 years if stored properly.
Special Handling: Use explosion-proof equipment; avoid open flames, sparks, or static discharge; handle in fume hoods or well-ventilated areas with PPE.

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

FDA Status: Not approved for direct food contact; regulated as a hazardous chemical.
REACH Status: Registered and regulated under EU chemical safety laws.
Transportation: Classified as a flammable liquid (Class 3) for transport; requires proper labeling and packaging.
Waste Disposal: Dispose of according to local hazardous waste regulations; avoid environmental contamination.

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms; avoid discharge into water bodies.
Persistence: Biodegradable under aerobic conditions but may persist in anaerobic environments.
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation.
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic; data on mutagenicity inconclusive.
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions.

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Chemical-resistant gloves
Safety goggles or face shield
Protective clothing
Respirator or mask in poorly ventilated areas

Handling Measures:

Avoid inhalation of vapors and skin contact
Use in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods
Ground and bond containers to prevent static discharge

Storage Measures:

Store away from heat, sparks, open flames
Keep containers sealed when not in use

Hygiene Practices:

Wash hands and exposed skin after handling
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately; provide oxygen if breathing is difficult; seek medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; wash skin with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water; seek emergency medical care immediately.

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Highly flammable liquid and vapor; vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Extinguishing Media: Use alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or water spray.
Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes may form upon combustion.