Formalin

Whatsapp Order

Formalin Formaldehyde is an aqueous solution containing approximately 37% formaldehyde by weight, stabilized typically with 10-15% methanol to prevent polymerization. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a pungent, penetrating odor. Formaldehyde is a simple aldehyde widely used as a disinfectant, preservative, and chemical intermediate. Formalin’s powerful antimicrobial and tissue-fixation properties make it essential in medical, laboratory, industrial, and manufacturing applications. It is one of the most commonly used chemicals worldwide for sterilization, embalming, and resin production.

Add to compare

Add to wishlist

Categories: Sealants and Adhesives, Antiseptics and Disinfectants, Bleaching Agents, Disinfectants and Biocides Tags: Disinfectant, Formaldehyde, Formalin, Industrial chemical, Preservative, Water treatment chemical

Description

Table of Contents

Formalin (Formaldehyde)

Primary Uses

Medical and Laboratory

Used extensively as a tissue fixative in histology, pathology, and anatomical studies to preserve biological specimens by cross-linking proteins and halting decay.
Employed in embalming fluids to preserve human and animal remains.
Used for sterilizing surgical instruments and disinfecting medical equipment and laboratories.

Industrial Applications

Key raw material in the manufacture of resins such as urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, and melamine-formaldehyde resins used in adhesives, laminates, plywood, and particleboard.
Used as a fumigant and disinfectant in industrial sanitation and preservation.
Utilized in the production of plastics, coatings, textiles, and paper treatments.

Agriculture

Used as a fungicide, bactericide, and pesticide in controlled applications.
Applied to disinfect soil and farming equipment to control pathogens.

Water Treatment

Employed as a biocide in cooling towers, wastewater treatment, and industrial water systems to control microbial growth.

Cosmetics and Consumer Products

Used in very low concentrations as a preservative in cosmetic formulations (regulated due to toxicity concerns).

Secondary Uses

Research and Analytical Chemistry

Used as a standard reagent in chemical synthesis and analytical tests.
Involved in polymerization reactions and cross-linking in biochemical applications.

Textile Industry

Applied in wrinkle-resistant and crease-proof finishing agents for fabrics.

Waste Management

Utilized in stabilization of sewage sludge and waste products to reduce pathogens and odors.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Methanal
Common/Trade Name: Formalin, Formaldehyde Solution
CAS Number: 50-00-0
HS Code: 2912.11
Molecular Formula: CH2O
Synonyms: Formaldehyde solution, Methylene glycol (in solution), Methanal

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Clear liquid
Color & Odor: Colorless; strong pungent, irritating odor
Boiling Point: ~100 °C (aqueous solution)
Density: ~1.08 g/cm³
Solubility: Completely miscible with water; soluble in alcohol and ether
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (4-7) depending on concentration
Stability: Stable under cool, dark conditions; polymerizes upon prolonged storage or exposure to heat and light without stabilizer

Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute toxicity, Skin corrosion/irritation, Serious eye damage/irritation, Carcinogenicity (Category 1B)
Toxicity: Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 0.75 ppm (8-hr TWA), NIOSH REL: 0.016 ppm (ceiling)

Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat and ignition sources
Container Type: Corrosion-resistant steel or plastic containers with vapor-tight seals
Shelf Life: Typically 1-2 years if stored properly
Handling Precautions: Use explosion-proof equipment; avoid vapor inhalation and direct contact; use personal protective equipment

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Subject to strict regulations worldwide due to toxicity and carcinogenicity
Listed as a hazardous substance by OSHA, EPA, REACH, and other authorities
Usage limits and occupational exposure strictly controlled

Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Readily biodegrades in the environment under aerobic conditions
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate significantly
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Classified as a human carcinogen (IARC Group 1) with mutagenic potential

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Full protective clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shield, and respiratory protection with formaldehyde cartridges or supplied air
Handling Guidelines: Work in well-ventilated or exhaust-controlled areas; avoid inhalation and skin contact; no open flames or sparks nearby
Storage Measures: Store away from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and alkalis; keep containers sealed and upright
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling; no eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately; provide oxygen or artificial respiration if necessary; seek urgent medical care
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; wash affected skin with plenty of water and soap; seek medical attention if irritation or burns occur
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; obtain immediate medical attention
Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting; rinse mouth; seek immediate medical help

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Flammable liquid; vapors can form explosive mixtures with air; emits toxic gases (formaldehyde, carbon monoxide) on burning
Extinguishing Media: Use alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide (CO₂), or water spray
Special Precautions: Firefighters must wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Decomposition Products: Formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic gases