Polyvinyl Chloride Stabilizer

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Polyvinyl Chloride Stabilizer is a crucial additive used in the processing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to protect it from thermal degradation during manufacturing and throughout its service life. It ensures color stability, prevents chain scission, and enhances the durability of PVC products exposed to heat, light, and mechanical stress. PVC stabilizers are available in various types, including lead-based, calcium-zinc (Ca-Zn), organotin, and mixed metal stabilizers, each suited for different applications depending on regulatory, environmental, and performance requirements.

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Category: Stabilizers (UV, Heat) Tags: Heat Stabilizer for PVC, Plastic & Polymer Industry, PVC Additive, PVC Stabilizer

Description

Table of Contents

Polyvinyl Chloride Stabilizer (PVC)

Primary Uses

PVC Pipe and Fitting Manufacturing

Prevents discoloration and degradation of rigid PVC during high-temperature extrusion and molding.
Enhances long-term thermal and mechanical stability in pressure and drainage pipe systems.

Window and Door Profiles

Provides UV and heat resistance in exterior PVC profiles used in construction.
Ensures weatherability and color retention over extended exposure to sunlight.

Cable and Wire Sheathing

Used in flexible PVC for electrical insulation and sheathing to resist thermal degradation.
Maintains electrical properties and plasticity under heat from electrical currents.

Rigid and Flexible Films

Stabilizes calendared PVC films used in packaging, stationery, and decorative applications.
Prevents fogging, discoloration, and embrittlement in clear and colored films.

Synthetic Leather and Flooring

Ensures flexible PVC materials maintain surface finish and mechanical strength under heat and stress.
Prevents brittleness and cracking over time in coated fabrics and flooring tiles.

Injection Molding

Supports processing of PVC in molded applications such as fittings, containers, and caps.
Helps maintain gloss, color, and dimensional stability during thermal cycling.

Secondary Uses

Medical Devices (with Non-toxic Grades)

Used in the production of IV tubes, blood bags, and medical films where non-toxic Ca-Zn or organotin stabilizers are required.

Toys and Childcare Products

Utilized in soft PVC toys and baby care goods with non-lead stabilizers compliant with safety standards.

Automotive Interiors

Provides long-term color stability and thermal resistance in PVC dashboards, door panels, and trims.

Adhesives & Sealants

Incorporated into PVC-based adhesives to maintain stability under heat curing or prolonged use.

Tarpaulins, Coated Fabrics, and Tents

Ensures mechanical strength and UV resistance in outdoor fabric coatings.

Ink & Paint Formulations (PVC-based)

Helps maintain clarity and viscosity control in formulations that involve PVC resins and need thermal resistance.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Varies by type (e.g., calcium-zinc carboxylates, dibutyltin maleate, lead stearate)
Common/Trade Name: PVC Stabilizer
CAS Number: Varies depending on composition
HS Code: 3812.30.00
Synonyms: Heat stabilizer; thermal stabilizer for PVC; PVC processing aid

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Powder, flakes, granules, or liquid depending on formulation
Color & Odor: White/off-white (solid) or colorless (liquid); slight to no odor
Solubility: Insoluble in water; dispersible in plasticizers or solvents
Melting Point: Varies; typically above 100°C for solids
Density: 1.0 – 1.5 g/cm³ depending on formulation

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Varies—some types may be hazardous (e.g., lead-based); others non-toxic (e.g., Ca-Zn)
Toxicity: Depends on composition; non-toxic grades available for sensitive applications
Exposure Limits: Follow safety data sheets and local exposure regulations

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in original, tightly closed containers in a dry, cool area away from moisture and heat sources
Container Type: 25 kg bags, drums, or intermediate bulk containers (IBCs)
Shelf Life: 12–24 months under proper storage conditions
Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors; use dust extraction and protective equipment

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Non-toxic types (Ca-Zn, organotin) may comply with FDA, EU (REACH), and RoHS standards
Lead-based stabilizers are restricted or banned in many regions for consumer or food contact products
Produced under ISO 9001 or GMP-certified systems for specialty applications

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Not biodegradable
Ecotoxicity: Lead and cadmium-based stabilizers are toxic; Ca-Zn and organotin grades have low ecological impact
Bioaccumulation: Minimal for most modern stabilizers; legacy types may pose long-term risks

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Safety goggles, gloves, dust mask or respirator, protective clothing
Handling Guidelines: Ensure good ventilation; avoid generating dust; use grounded equipment when transferring powders
Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry environment

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing becomes difficult
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for 15 minutes; consult medical help if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical assistance

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Most types are not highly flammable; some may emit toxic fumes when decomposed
Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, CO₂, or water spray
Special Precautions: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, metal oxides