Potassium Chromate
Potassium Chromate is an inorganic chemical compound and a bright yellow crystalline solid commonly used as an oxidizing agent and pigment. It serves as a source of chromate ions in various chemical, industrial, and laboratory applications. Due to its toxic and carcinogenic nature, careful handling and strict regulatory compliance are essential. Potassium Chromate is widely used in corrosion inhibition, dyeing, and chemical synthesis processes.
Potassium Chromate
Primary Uses
- Chemical Industry
- Used as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis and analytical chemistry.
- Serves as a key reagent in qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses, including detection of chloride ions.
- Acts as a corrosion inhibitor in cooling systems and metal finishing baths.
- Pigments and Dyes
- Used in the production of yellow pigments for paints, inks, and dyes.
- Employed in leather tanning to improve color fastness and durability.
- Electroplating
- Used in chromium plating baths to enhance plating quality and uniformity.
- Serves as an additive in electroplating processes for metals.
Secondary Uses
- Wood Preservation
- Utilized in wood treatment formulations to prevent fungal decay and insect damage.
- Photography
- Employed in photographic processes as a sensitizer and in photoengraving.
- Laboratory Reagent
- Used as a reagent for chemical tests, including the Mohr method for chloride determination.
- Textile Industry
- Used in dyeing and printing textiles to improve color fixation and brightness.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Potassium chromate
- Common/Trade Name: Potassium Chromate
- CAS Number: 7789-00-6
- HS Code: 2833.11 (Chromates)
- Synonyms: K₂CrO₄; chromate of potassium
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid, crystalline powder or granules
- Color & Odor: Bright yellow; odorless
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (about 57 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- Melting Point: 975°C (decomposes)
- Density: ~2.7 g/cm³
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; strong oxidizer
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Carcinogenic (Category 1B), Mutagenic (Category 2), Toxic to aquatic life
- Toxicity: Highly toxic and carcinogenic; harmful if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin
- Exposure Limits: Strict limits; avoid any exposure; use in well-ventilated environments with protective equipment
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials
- Container Type: Glass or plastic containers resistant to strong oxidizers
- Shelf Life: Typically 1–3 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use full PPE including gloves, respirators, and protective clothing; avoid dust generation and skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with hazardous chemical regulations including OSHA, REACH, and local environmental laws
- Classified as a hazardous substance requiring specialized transport and storage
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Not biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Extremely toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid environmental release
- Bioaccumulation: Potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Full protective gloves, goggles, respirators, and protective clothing mandatory
- Handling Guidelines: Handle in fume hoods or well-ventilated areas; prevent dust formation; do not inhale or ingest
- Storage Measures: Store securely to prevent leaks and spills; isolate from reducing agents and organic materials
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek urgent medical attention for respiratory distress
- Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; wash skin thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical help for burns or irritation
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek immediate medical assistance
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth; seek emergency medical treatment immediately
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Strong oxidizer; can intensify fire and cause explosions if mixed with combustible materials
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray or fog; do not use dry chemical or CO₂ alone
- Special Precautions: Firefighters must wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce toxic chromium oxides and potassium oxides
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