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Rafoxanide BP Vet
Rafoxanide BP Vet is a halogenated salicylanilide used as a veterinary anthelmintic, specifically effective against liver flukes, gastrointestinal nematodes, and certain ectoparasites in livestock. It works by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in parasites, disrupting their energy metabolism and leading to their death. Compliant with the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) for veterinary use, Rafoxanide is widely administered to ruminants like cattle, sheep, and goats. It is commonly formulated in oral drenches, boluses, or feed premixes.
Rafoxanide BP Vet
Primary Uses
- Veterinary Medicine
- Anthelmintic for Ruminants:
Used to treat and control fascioliasis (liver fluke infections) caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica in cattle, sheep, and goats. - Nematode Control:
Active against haematophagous nematodes such as Haemonchus contortus and Bunostomum spp. in the gastrointestinal tract. - Ectoparasite Treatment:
Shows efficacy against certain external parasites, including Hypoderma larvae and nasal bots (Oestrus ovis) in sheep. - Preventive Use:
Used prophylactically in fluke-prone grazing regions to prevent fluke infestations in livestock during high-risk seasons.
- Livestock Management
- Enhances overall herd health by eliminating subclinical parasitic burdens that reduce feed efficiency.
- Used in strategic deworming programs to maintain parasite control and prevent resistance development when rotated with other classes of anthelmintics.
Secondary Uses
- Veterinary Formulation Development
- Used as an active ingredient in the development of combination products for broader-spectrum parasitic control (e.g., with levamisole or albendazole).
- Parasitology Research
- Utilized in veterinary and parasitology studies to assess flukicide efficacy and resistance patterns in livestock parasites.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 3-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2'-hydroxybenzamide
- Common/Trade Name: Rafoxanide BP Vet
- CAS Number: 22662-39-1
- HS Code: 2933.39.90
- Synonyms: Flukiver; Salicylanilide anthelmintic; Rafoxanide
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid (powder or crystalline substance)
- Color & Odor: Pale yellow to beige; faint odor
- Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents (e.g., acetone, chloroform)
- Molecular Weight: 461.7 g/mol
- Melting Point: ~250°C (decomposes)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: May cause skin and eye irritation; harmful if swallowed
- Toxicity: Low toxicity to target species at recommended doses; potential for toxicity in overdose
- Exposure Limits: Not established; handle with care using veterinary handling protocols
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture
- Container Type: Plastic or fiber drums with polyethylene liners
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years under recommended conditions
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust formation; use appropriate PPE during mixing or formulation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with British Pharmacopoeia (BP) veterinary standards
- Approved for veterinary use in many regions under regulated conditions
- Manufactured in GMP-compliant veterinary pharmaceutical facilities
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Slowly biodegradable; persists in manure and pasture
- Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid contamination of waterways
- Bioaccumulation: Potential for accumulation in aquatic environments if misused
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, and eye protection
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhalation of dust; avoid contact with skin and eyes
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical attention for irritation
- Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present; seek medical help
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate veterinary or medical assistance
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but may decompose at high temperatures releasing toxic gases
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or CO₂; avoid direct water spray
- Special Precautions: Wear protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon oxides, fluorinated compounds
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