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Shellac
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Shellac is a natural resin secreted by the lac insect, primarily found in South Asia. It is processed into flakes or powder form and dissolved in alcohol to create a versatile film-forming agent. Shellac provides excellent adhesion, gloss, and moisture resistance, making it widely used as a wood finish, food glaze, and pharmaceutical coating. It is valued for its natural origin, biodegradability, and safe use in food and cosmetic applications.
Description
Primary Uses
Wood Finishing and Furniture
- Applied as a protective and decorative finish on wood surfaces, providing high gloss and color enhancement.
- Used as a sealer and primer under varnishes and paints to improve adhesion and durability.
- Popular in antique restoration and fine woodworking for its traditional aesthetic qualities.
Food Industry
- Used as a glazing agent/coating for confectionery, fruits, nuts, and pharmaceutical pills to provide shine and moisture barrier.
- Acts as a natural preservative by sealing food surfaces against moisture and contaminants.
Pharmaceuticals
- Employed as a coating for tablets and pills to control release and improve appearance.
- Used in lozenges and candies as a protective film.
Secondary Uses
Cosmetics
- Used in lipsticks, nail polishes, and other personal care products for glossy finishes and film formation.
Printing and Packaging
- Applied as a varnish or coating for paper, cardboard, and packaging materials to improve surface quality and protection.
Art Supplies
Utilized in traditional varnishes for paintings and art restoration.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Natural resin (polyesters of aleuritic acid and other fatty acids)
- Common/Trade Name: Shellac
- CAS Number: 9000-59-3
- HS Code: 1301.90
- Synonyms: Lac resin, natural resin
Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Flakes, powder, or dissolved in alcohol as liquid shellac
- Color & Odor: Amber to deep reddish-brown; characteristic mild resinous odor
- Solubility: Soluble in ethanol and other alcohols; insoluble in water
- Density: Approx. 1.2 g/cm³ (solid flakes)
Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Generally considered low hazard; flammable in alcohol solution
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; generally recognized as safe for food use
- Exposure Limits: Follow standard occupational safety guidelines
Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from ignition sources and direct sunlight
- Container Type: Supplied in sealed bags, drums, or bottles (for liquid shellac)
- Shelf Life: 2 years when stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhaling dust or vapors
Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with food-grade standards including FDA and FCC for use as food glaze/coating.
- Meets cosmetic ingredient regulations in various regions (e.g., EU Cosmetics Regulation).
- Manufactured under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for pharmaceutical applications.
Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable and environmentally friendly due to natural origin.
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental impact when disposed properly.
Bioaccumulation: Not significant.
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves and goggles recommended during handling of flakes and solutions.
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid ignition sources when working with alcohol-based solutions.
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly sealed and stored away from heat and flames.
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air if inhaled; seek medical attention if irritation occurs.
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water if irritation develops.
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if discomfort occurs.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Flammable when dissolved in alcohol; solid flakes are combustible.
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, CO₂, or water spray for fires involving shellac or alcohol solutions.
- Special Precautions: Wear protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus if needed.
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, aldehydes, and other organic combustion products.
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