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Sulphuric Acid
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Sulphuric Acid is a dense, highly corrosive, and strong mineral acid widely used as a fundamental chemical reagent and industrial raw material. It serves as a key component in fertilizer production, chemical synthesis, petroleum refining, and many other industrial processes. The 98% concentration is the concentrated, nearly pure form commonly utilized for manufacturing and processing applications demanding high acid strength and purity.
Description
Sulphuric Acid
Primary Uses
- Fertilizer Industry
- Phosphoric Acid Production: Used to produce phosphoric acid from phosphate rock for phosphate fertilizers.
- Manufacture of Sulfate Fertilizers: Produces ammonium sulfate and other sulfate-based fertilizers.
- Chemical Industry
- Intermediate & Catalyst: Utilized in synthesis of chemicals including hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, dyes, pigments, and detergents.
- pH Adjustment: Used for acidifying or neutralizing alkaline solutions.
- Petroleum Industry
- Catalyst in Refining: Employed in alkylation and refining processes to improve gasoline quality.
Secondary Uses
- Metal Processing
- Pickling Agent: Removes rust and scale from steel and other metals before further processing.
- Electroplating & Battery Acid: Used as electrolyte in lead-acid batteries and electroplating baths.
- Textile Industry
- Processing Aid: Used in dyeing and finishing processes.
- Laboratories
- Reagent & Cleaning Agent: Used in analytical chemistry and for cleaning glassware.
- Wastewater Treatment
- pH Control: Adjusts pH and neutralizes alkaline waste streams.
KEY PRODUCT FEATURES
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sulfuric acid
- Common/Trade Name: Sulphuric Acid 98%
- CAS Number: 7664-93-9
- HS Code: 2807.00.00
- Synonyms: Oil of vitriol, battery acid
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow, viscous liquid
- Color & Odor: Colorless or pale yellow; odorless
- Density: Approx. 1.84 g/cm³
- Boiling Point: 337 °C (decomposes)
- Melting Point: 10 °C
- Solubility: Miscible with water (exothermic reaction)
- pH: Highly acidic (pH < 1)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Corrosive to skin and eyes; causes severe burns
- Toxicity: Highly corrosive and reactive; inhalation of fumes hazardous
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 1 mg/m³ (ceiling)
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in corrosion-resistant containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas away from incompatible substances like organics, bases, and oxidizers
- Container Type: Acid-resistant drums, tanks, or containers
- Shelf Life: Stable indefinitely under proper storage
- Handling Precautions: Use acid-resistant PPE; add acid to water, never vice versa
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with international chemical safety regulations (REACH, OSHA, GHS)
- Manufactured under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
- Meets transport regulations for corrosive liquids
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Not biodegradable; highly reactive
- Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life; avoid environmental release
- Bioaccumulation: Not applicable
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Acid-resistant gloves, goggles, face shield, and protective clothing
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid contact with skin, eyes, and inhalation of fumes
- Storage Measures: Keep containers sealed and stored away from incompatible materials
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek immediate medical attention if breathing difficulty occurs
- Skin Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; get urgent medical help
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water continuously for 15-30 minutes; seek emergency medical treatment
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but reacts violently with water and organic materials
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray or fog, dry chemical, foam, or CO₂
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Sulfur oxides and toxic gases
Related products
Aluminum Ammonium Sulphate
Aluminum ammonium sulphate, commonly known as ammonium alum or ammonium aluminum sulfate, is a crystalline chemical compound consisting of aluminum, ammonium, and sulfate ions. It typically appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid with astringent properties. It is widely used for its excellent coagulating, clarifying, and antiseptic properties. Aluminum ammonium sulphate finds applications in water purification, cosmetics, food processing, textile dyeing, and pharmaceuticals. Its ability to precipitate impurities and act as a mordant makes it invaluable in industries requiring precise control of chemical reactions, such as in the preparation of baking powder and fireproof textiles.
Cupric Sulphate Pentahydrate
Cupric Sulphate Pentahydrate (Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate) is a bright blue crystalline solid with the chemical formula CuSO₄·5H₂O. It is the hydrated form of copper sulfate and is highly soluble in water. This compound is widely used in agriculture, chemical manufacturing, and laboratory applications due to its fungicidal, algicidal, and micronutrient properties. The pentahydrate form is the most common and commercially available, known for its vivid blue color and versatile reactivity.
Diethyl Glycol
Diethyl Glycol is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic, and viscous liquid with a mild odor. It is a diol with two hydroxyl groups, making it a versatile chemical intermediate and solvent. DEG is miscible with water, alcohols, and many organic solvents. It is widely used in the manufacture of plasticizers, solvents, resins, and as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. Due to its high boiling point and solvent properties, DEG finds broad applications across industrial, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors.
Formic Acid
Formic Acid (methanoic acid) is the simplest carboxylic acid, typically supplied as an 85% aqueous solution. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, penetrating odor and strong acidic properties. Formic Acid naturally occurs in insect stings and plant secretions and is widely used in chemical synthesis, agriculture, textile, leather, and rubber industries. The 85% solution balances potency and safe handling for industrial applications. It serves as a preservative, antibacterial agent, and intermediate chemical in numerous manufacturing processes.
Hydrofluoric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid is a highly corrosive aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride gas dissolved in water. It is a colorless to pale yellow fuming liquid with a strong pungent odor. Unlike other mineral acids, HF is a weak acid chemically but uniquely reactive due to its ability to dissolve silica and glass, and penetrate tissues deeply. This makes it invaluable in numerous industrial, laboratory, and specialized applications but also highly hazardous.
Phosphoric acid Technical Grade
Phosphoric Acid Technical Grade is a concentrated, inorganic acid primarily used in industrial applications. It typically contains minor impurities compared to food or pharmaceutical grades but maintains excellent performance as an acidulant, rust remover, and intermediate chemical. This grade is widely used in manufacturing fertilizers, detergents, metal treatment, and other industrial processes where high purity is not critical but effective acidic properties are required.
Potassium Hydroxide
Potassium Hydroxide is a highly concentrated, caustic alkaline chemical available as a solid (pellets, flakes) or concentrated aqueous solution. It is a strong base widely used in industrial processes, chemical manufacturing, and as a reagent. Potassium Hydroxide provides excellent neutralizing, saponifying, and cleaning properties and is essential in producing potassium soaps, biodiesel, fertilizers, and various chemical compounds. Its high purity and concentration (90%) make it suitable for demanding applications requiring strong alkalinity.
Zinc chloride
Zinc Chloride is a highly versatile, white crystalline inorganic compound known for its strong hygroscopic nature and high solubility in water. It serves multiple industrial roles including fluxing, dehydrating, catalysis, and preservation. With applications across metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, textiles, water treatment, and chemical synthesis, Zinc Chloride is valued for its reactivity and binding properties.
