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Tween 60 (Polysorbate 60)

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Tween 60, or Polysorbate 60, is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier synthesized from sorbitan monostearate and ethylene oxide. It is part of the polysorbate family and is used to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions in food, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. It appears as a yellowish, viscous liquid or waxy paste at room temperature. Known for its high Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB), Tween 60 is ideal for solubilizing fats, oils, and vitamins in aqueous solutions and enhancing product texture and shelf life.

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Description

Primary Uses
Food Industry:

Used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in baked goods, non-dairy creamers, whipped toppings, sauces, and desserts.

Improves texture and moisture retention in cakes, breads, and frostings.

Aids in fat dispersion and prevents separation in margarine and processed foods.

Helps maintain foam structure in beverages and toppings.

Cosmetics and Personal Care:

Functions as an emulsifier and dispersant in creams, lotions, body butters, and hair conditioners.

Enhances spreadability and skin feel in oil-in-water emulsions.

Solubilizes essential oils and active ingredients in formulations like facial cleansers and serums.

Pharmaceutical Industry:

Used as a solubilizing agent in topical and oral drug formulations.

Included in injectable emulsions and vaccine stabilizers to ensure uniform dispersion of lipophilic compounds.

Assists in controlled release and improved bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.

Nutraceuticals & Supplements:

Used in soft gels and liquid supplements to emulsify fat-soluble vitamins and extracts.

Secondary Uses
Industrial Cleaners:

Functions as a non-ionic surfactant in specialty cleaners for oil and grease removal.

Textile Industry:

Acts as a wetting agent and emulsifier during dyeing and finishing processes.

Agriculture:

Used in pesticide emulsions and foliar spray formulations to improve wetting and spreading on leaves.

Paints and Coatings:

Serves as a dispersing agent for pigments and resins in water-based paints.

Laboratory Use:

Applied in biological assays and buffers as a solubilizing agent for hydrophobic substances.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

Common/Trade Name: Tween 60, Polysorbate 60

CAS Number: 9005-67-8

HS Code: 3402.13.00

Synonyms: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, PEG-20 sorbitan stearate

 

Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical State: Waxy solid or thick liquid (depending on temperature)

Color & Odor: Yellow to amber; mild fatty odor

Melting Point: ~45–50 °C

Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol; insoluble in oils

pH (1% solution): 5.0–7.0

HLB Value: ~14.9 (highly hydrophilic)

Density: ~1.07 g/cm³

Viscosity: High at room temperature

 

Safety & Hazard Attributes
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous

Toxicity: Low toxicity; safe under approved concentrations in food, cosmetics, and pharma

Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits

Irritation: Minimal; may cause mild eye or skin irritation in concentrated form

 

Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and moisture

Container Type: HDPE drums or food-grade packaging

Shelf Life: 24 months in sealed containers

Handling Precautions: Avoid contamination and exposure to strong oxidizing agents

 

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
Approved by FDA, EFSA, and JECFA for food use

Listed in USP, BP, and EP for pharmaceutical applications

Permitted in COSMOS and ECOCERT certified cosmetic formulations

Compliant with REACH, TSCA, and GMP guidelines

GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) when used within recommended levels

 

Environmental & Health Impact
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable

Ecotoxicity: Low environmental hazard

Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

PPE Required: Gloves and eye protection for industrial-scale handling

Handling Guidelines: Use in a well-ventilated area; avoid prolonged contact

Storage Measures: Keep container tightly closed; avoid freezing

 

First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Move to fresh air if mist is inhaled in high concentrations

Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water

Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water; seek medical advice if irritation continues

Ingestion: Non-toxic in small amounts; consult a physician if large quantities are ingested

 

Firefighting Measures
Fire Hazards: Combustible at high temperatures

Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, or COâ‚‚

Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide

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