Isophorone

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Isophorone is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, ketone-like odor. Chemically classified as a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), it is a solvent widely used in industrial applications. It has good solvency properties for resins, paints, coatings, and inks, combined with relatively slow evaporation compared to other ketones. Isophorone is miscible with many organic solvents and used extensively in manufacturing and chemical synthesis.

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Categories: Solvents (Cleaning), Binders/Resins, Excipients, Plasticizers, Solvents(paint), Solvents(pharmaceutical) Tags: Adhesive Production, Epoxy Resins, Flavor & Fragrance Industry, Industrial solvent, Ink Formulations, Isophorone, Paint & Coating Solvent

Description

Table of Contents

Isophorone

Primary Uses

Solvent in Coatings and Paints

Used as a solvent for paints, varnishes, lacquers, and coatings to dissolve resins and improve application properties.
Provides slow evaporation rate, improving flow and leveling of coatings.

Adhesives and Inks

Employed as a solvent in adhesives and printing inks for enhanced drying and film formation.

Chemical Intermediate

Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of herbicides, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other organic chemicals.

Cleaning and Degreasing

Utilized in industrial cleaning formulations to remove oils, greases, and other residues from metal and machinery parts.

Secondary Uses

Polymer Industry

Applied as a solvent or processing aid in polymer synthesis and modification, including polymer coatings and films.

Laboratory Reagent

Used as a reagent and solvent in chemical research and analytical laboratories.

Leather Industry

Employed in leather processing as a solvent for dyes and finishing agents.

Textile Industry

Occasionally used as a solvent for textile dyes and in fabric finishing processes.

KEY ATTRIBUTES

Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
Common/Trade Name: Isophorone
CAS Number: 78-59-1
HS Code: 2914.11.00
Synonyms: 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; β-Isophorone

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Liquid
Color & Odor: Colorless to pale yellow; pungent ketone-like odor
Boiling Point: 215–217 °C
Melting Point: −8 °C
Density: 0.94 g/cm³ (approx.)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with most organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature
Flash Point: Approximately 81 °C

Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification:

Flammable liquid (Category 3)
Causes skin irritation and serious eye irritation
May cause respiratory irritation
Possible reproductive toxicity

Toxicity:

Harmful if inhaled or absorbed through skin; prolonged exposure may cause adverse health effects

Exposure Limits:

Occupational exposure limits vary; use appropriate ventilation and PPE

Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:

Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and open flames

Container Type:

Stored in tightly closed metal or plastic containers resistant to solvents

Shelf Life:

Stable under recommended storage conditions for up to 2 years

Handling Precautions:

Avoid inhalation, skin, and eye contact
Use personal protective equipment (gloves, goggles, respirator as needed)

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Complies with chemical safety regulations worldwide (OSHA, REACH, EPA)
Subject to flammable liquid storage and transportation regulations

Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Moderately biodegradable
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life; avoid release to environment
Bioaccumulation: Low potential
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogen

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required:

Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, protective clothing, and respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate

Handling Guidelines:

Handle in well-ventilated areas or fume hoods
Avoid sources of ignition and static discharge

Storage Measures:

Store away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers and acids

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes; obtain medical attention
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek medical attention promptly

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Flammable; emits toxic fumes when heated or burning
Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide extinguishers
Special Precautions: Use full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes