Ammonium Thiocyanate Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Thiocyanate Extra Pure is a high-purity, white to colorless crystalline compound highly soluble in water and alcohol, widely used in laboratory chemistry for analytical and coordination studies. It is commonly employed in the detection and quantification of iron(III) ions, forming a deep red complex that is useful in colorimetric analysis. Additionally, it serves as a reagent in the synthesis of thiocyanate complexes, photographic processing, and certain organic reactions. Its extra pure grade ensures low impurity levels, supporting accurate and reproducible results in sensitive assays and spectroscopic studies. The compound should be stored in a tightly sealed container, away from heat and moisture, to maintain its stability and effectiveness.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AnalyticalReagent, ColorimetricReagent, CoordinationChemistry, Fe3Detection, HighPuritySCN, InorganicStandard, PhotometricAnalysis, ThiocyanateSource

Description

USES

Primary Uses

Reagent for Iron(III) Detection (Blood-Red Complex Formation)
- Forms a deep blood-red complex Fe(SCN)6Fe(SCN)₆Fe(SCN)6³⁻ with Fe³⁺ ions — widely used in qualitative and colorimetric analysis of iron.
Reagent in Spectrophotometric Iron Quantification
- Essential in UV-Vis spectroscopy to measure trace amounts of ferric iron in water, soil, or biological samples.
Ligand in Coordination Chemistry
- Acts as a soft bidentate or ambidentate ligand forming stable complexes with transition metals (e.g., Co, Cu, Hg).
Precursor in Organic Synthesis
- Used in the preparation of isothiocyanates, thioureas, and heterocyclic compounds in research synthesis.
Educational Demonstrations of Color Reactions and Complex Ion Formation
- Popular for student labs involving complex ion equilibria, Le Chatelier’s principle, and ligand exchange.

Secondary Uses

Reagent in Forensic and Toxicology Testing
- Sometimes used in color tests for detecting metal ions or cyanide derivatives in forensic analysis.
Thermal Decomposition and Gas Release Studies
- Decomposes at elevated temperatures to release ammonia, sulfur compounds, and isothiocyanic acid — useful in thermal analysis or gas evolution studies.
Corrosion and Metal Etching Research
- Investigated in surface treatment and corrosion behavior of metals in aggressive ionic environments.
Component in Photographic and Darkroom Chemistry (Historical/Research Use)
- Occasionally used in silver halide processing or fixing bath formulas in photographic chemistry.
Ion-Exchange and Chromatography Reagent
- Applied in separating lanthanides or actinides due to its complexing ability with various metal ions.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Thiocyanate
CAS Number: 1762-95-4
HS Code: 28429090 (Other thiocyanates; ammonium thiocyanate under this general code)
Molecular Formula: NH₄SCN
Synonyms:
- Thiocyanic acid, ammonium salt
- Ammonium rhodanide
- Rhodan ammonium

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline powder)
Color & Odor: White to colorless crystals; may have a faint sulfurous odor
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: ~149–154 °C
Density/Specific Gravity: ~1.305 g/cm³
Solubility:
- Water: Very soluble (~128 g/100 mL at 20 °C)
- Alcohol: Soluble
pH Level: ~4.5–6.5 (in 5% aqueous solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Acute Toxicity – Oral (Category 4)
- Eye Irritation (Category 2A)
- Skin Irritation (Category 2)
- Environmental Hazard – Aquatic Acute (Category 2)
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits:
- No established OSHA/ACGIH limits; treat as potentially toxic
Reactivity:
- Stable under normal lab conditions
- Reacts with strong acids (releasing toxic gases like H₂S and CS₂)
- Decomposes at high temperature

Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
- Protect from light, moisture, and heat
Incompatible Materials:
- Strong acids, oxidizers, nitrates, and metals (can release toxic gases)
Container Type:
- Sealed plastic or glass container
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- ~2–3 years when stored properly
Special Handling Requirements:
- Use gloves, goggles, lab coat
- Handle in fume hood if heating or mixing with acids

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Listed under TSCA, REACH
- Not controlled but regulated due to toxicity and aquatic hazard
Transportation Restrictions:
- Not classified as hazardous for shipping in small quantities
Waste Disposal Method:
- Treat as hazardous waste
- Avoid release into drains; collect and dispose via certified chemical waste handler

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Harmful to aquatic life; toxic to fish and invertebrates
Persistence in Environment:
- May persist and accumulate in aquatic systems
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic
Biodegradability:
- Inorganic; not readily biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear lab coat, chemical splash goggles, and nitrile or neoprene gloves.
- Use in a fume hood to avoid inhalation of vapors or dust.
Handling:
- Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
- Prevent inhalation of dust or fumes.
- Keep away from acids, oxidizing agents, and heat sources—may decompose to release toxic gases.
- Do not mix with metal salts unless purposefully intended under controlled conditions.
Storage:
- Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
- Protect from heat, moisture, and light.
- Keep away from oxidizers, acids, and incompatible metals.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands thoroughly after use.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas.
- Decontaminate surfaces and equipment after handling.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Move person to fresh air.
- If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek immediate medical attention.
- May cause irritation to the respiratory tract.
Skin Contact:
- Wash affected area with plenty of soap and water.
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Seek medical attention if irritation or symptoms develop.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes.
- Remove contact lenses if present.
- Seek immediate medical advice.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth with water.
- Do not induce vomiting.
- If the person is conscious, give water to dilute.
- Seek medical attention immediately — thiocyanates can interfere with thyroid function and are toxic in large doses.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide (CO₂), foam, or water spray as appropriate for surrounding materials.
Specific Hazards:
- Not highly flammable but may decompose on heating, releasing:
  - Toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide (HCN)
  - Sulfur oxides (SOₓ)
  - Ammonia
  - Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Firefighting Instructions:
- Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers.
- Avoid inhalation of smoke or decomposition products.