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Dextrose Monohydrate
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Dextrose Monohydrate is a crystalline form of glucose containing one molecule of water (monohydrate). It is a primary carbohydrate source widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and clinical nutrition applications. It provides readily available energy, serves as a sweetening agent, and acts as an osmotic agent in formulations. Dextrose Monohydrate meets pharmacopoeial standards (such as BP, USP) ensuring high purity, consistency, and safety for use in medical and food-grade products. Its solubility and stable crystalline form make it suitable for intravenous fluids, oral rehydration solutions, and food industry applications.
Description
Dextrose Monohydrate Uses
Primary UsesÂ
- Pharmaceutical and Clinical Nutrition
- Used as a carbohydrate source in intravenous fluids for energy provision and fluid-electrolyte balance.
- Serves as an energy substrate in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) formulations.
- Utilized in oral rehydration salts (ORS) formulations to aid hydration and energy replacement in diarrhea and dehydration cases.
- Used in pharmaceutical compounding as an excipient or stabilizer in oral syrups and solutions.
- Food and Beverage Industry
- Acts as a sweetener and texturizer in confectionery, baked goods, and beverages.
- Provides fermentable sugar for yeast in baking and brewing.
- Used as a bulking agent and humectant in processed foods.
- Laboratory and Research
- Serves as a glucose source in cell culture media and biochemical assays.
- Used in microbiological growth media for culturing bacteria and fungi.
Secondary UsesÂ
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Employed as a humectant and moisturizer in skin care formulations.
- Used in oral care products for flavor and texture improvement.
- Veterinary Medicine
- Provides an energy source in veterinary parenteral and oral nutrition solutions.
- Industrial Applications
Used in fermentation processes and as a feedstock for biotechnological products.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): D-Glucose monohydrate
- Common/Trade Name: Dextrose Monohydrate
- CAS Number: 5996-10-1
- HS Code: 1702.90.10
- Molecular Formula: C6H12O6·H2O
- Synonyms:
- Glucose Monohydrate
- D-Glucose hydrate
- Grape Sugar (common)
- Corn Sugar (commercial)
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White crystalline powder or granules
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~909 g/L at 20°C)
- Melting Point: Approximately 100–103°C (loses water of crystallization)
- pH (1% aqueous solution): Slightly acidic to neutral (~4.0–6.0)
- Stability: Hygroscopic; stable under recommended storage
- Molecular Weight: 198.17 g/mol (including water)
- Appearance: White, odorless, sweet-tasting crystals
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous
- Toxicity: Non-toxic; excessive consumption may cause hyperglycemia in diabetic patients
- Irritation: Non-irritant in typical use
- Reactivity: Stable; avoid strong oxidizing agents and acids
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture
- Container Type: Sealed moisture-proof packaging (poly bags, drums)
- Shelf Life: 2–3 years when stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust formation and moisture exposure; use PPE if handling bulk powder
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Regulatory Status: Complies with BP, USP, EP standards for pharmaceutical and food use
- Pharmacopoeia Standards: BP, USP certified
- Transportation: Non-hazardous material
- Controlled Substance: Not controlled
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low impact
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not carcinogenic or mutagenic
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required:
- Dust mask or respirator when handling bulk powder
- Safety goggles
- Gloves (nitrile or latex)
- Protective clothing
- Handling Guidelines:
- Minimize dust generation
- Avoid moisture contamination
- Handle in well-ventilated areas
- Storage Measures:
- Keep container tightly closed
- Protect from humidity and direct sunlight
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air if dust inhaled; seek medical help if irritation persists
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; usually no irritation
- Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
- Ingestion: Non-toxic; seek medical attention if excessive consumption causes symptoms
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable; dust may form explosive mixtures in air under extreme conditions
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or COâ‚‚
- Special Precautions: Avoid dust cloud formation during firefighting
- Decomposition Products: Carbon oxides if burned
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