Precious metal extraction agents are specialized chemicals designed to selectively dissolve and recover valuable metals like gold, silver, and platinum from ores, electronic waste, or recycled materials. These chemicals enable efficient metal recovery in mining (heap leaching) and e-waste recycling, though strict environmental controls are needed, especially for toxic options like cyanide. Innovations now focus on greener methods, such as bioleaching or halogen-based systems, to reduce ecological impact while maintaining high extraction rates.