Anion

Anions are negatively charged ions formed when an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons. They play vital roles in chemistry, biology, and industrial processes. Anions are key participants in ionic bonding, acid-base chemistry, and electrochemical reactions. Common anions include chloride (Cl⁻), sulfate (SO₄²⁻), nitrate (NO₃⁻), and phosphate (PO₄³⁻). Their behavior and interaction affect processes ranging from water treatment and agriculture to physiological functions and battery technology.