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Calcium Nitrate
Calcium Nitrate is a highly soluble, white crystalline salt composed of calcium and nitrate ions. It is commonly available as a tetrahydrate (Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O). Known for its excellent solubility in water, calcium nitrate is widely used as a fertilizer providing both calcium and nitrogen to plants. It improves soil structure, enhances nutrient uptake, and prevents disorders such as blossom-end rot in fruits. Beyond agriculture, calcium nitrate serves in wastewater treatment, concrete acceleration, and industrial chemical processes.
Calcium Nitrate
Primary Uses
- Agriculture & Horticulture
- Used extensively as a water-soluble fertilizer supplying readily available calcium and nitrate nitrogen.
- Prevents calcium deficiency disorders in crops such as tomatoes, peppers, apples, and strawberries.
- Improves soil pH and structure, reducing soil acidity.
- Supports rapid plant growth and higher crop yields.
- Water Treatment
- Used as a nitrification inhibitor to prevent odor and corrosion caused by hydrogen sulfide in wastewater systems.
- Controls nitrogen cycling and reduces ammonia emissions in sewage treatment plants.
- Concrete & Construction
- Acts as a set accelerator and corrosion inhibitor in concrete mixes.
- Enhances early strength development and durability of concrete.
Secondary Uses
- Chemical Industry
- Used as a raw material in the manufacture of explosives, pyrotechnics, and other nitrate salts.
- Environmental Applications
- Applied in environmental remediation to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and improve soil remediation.
- Cold Packs
- Occasionally used in instant cold packs due to its endothermic dissolution properties.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Calcium dinitrate tetrahydrate
- Common/Trade Name: Calcium Nitrate
- CAS Number: 13477-34-4
- HS Code: 3105.30.00
- Molecular Formula: Ca(NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O
- Synonyms:
- Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate
- Norwegian saltpeter
- Calcium dinitrate
- Lime nitrate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline granules or powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Melting Point: Decomposes before melting at ~40°C (loss of water)
- Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
- Density: Approx. 1.9 g/cm³ (anhydrous)
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~121 g/100 mL at 20°C); insoluble in alcohol
- pH: Slightly acidic to neutral in aqueous solution (pH ~5.5–6.5)
- Stability: Hygroscopic; stable under normal conditions when stored dry
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Oxidizing solid (Category 3), may intensify fire
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 1
- Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA PEL; avoid inhalation of dust
- Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; ingestion may cause gastrointestinal irritation
- Reactivity: Strong oxidizer; reacts with combustible materials and reducing agents
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances such as organic materials and acids
- Container Type: Sealed plastic or polyethylene bags, drums, or bulk containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 2 years if stored properly
- Special Handling: Avoid dust formation and contact with combustibles; use PPE during handling
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: Approved for use in fertilizers; not for direct food use
- Pharmacopoeia Compliance: Not applicable
- Transportation: Classified as an oxidizer under hazardous materials regulations (UN number 1454)
- Waste Disposal: Dispose in accordance with local regulations for oxidizing substances
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: May cause oxygen depletion in water bodies if released in large amounts
- Persistence: Water-soluble and mobile in the environment
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Not applicable (inorganic salt)
Safety Handling Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Gloves
- Safety goggles
- Dust mask or respirator (if dust is generated)
- Protective clothing
Handling Measures:
- Avoid generating dust
- Use in well-ventilated areas
- Keep away from flammable materials and reducing agents
Storage Measures:
- Keep containers tightly closed
- Store away from heat sources, acids, and organic substances
- Protect from moisture
Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands after handling
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in handling areas
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention if large amounts are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Supports combustion; strong oxidizer
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective equipment and SCBA
- Decomposition Products: May release nitrogen oxides, calcium oxide, and toxic fumes when heated
Related products
Ammonium Chloride
Ammonium chloride is a white crystalline salt with a salty, slightly acidic taste. It is highly soluble in water and is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, and pharmaceutical applications. It acts as a nitrogen source in fertilizers, a flux in metalworking, and an expectorant in medicine. Its versatility and relatively low toxicity make it an important compound in multiple sectors.
Anti Foam
Anti foams are chemical additives designed to reduce or prevent the formation of foam in industrial processes, manufacturing, and various formulations. Foam can interfere with operations such as mixing, filling, pumping, and heat transfer, leading to reduced efficiency or defects in products. Anti foams work by destabilizing foam bubbles, causing them to coalesce and collapse rapidly. They are widely used in industries including food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, wastewater treatment, paints and coatings, and chemical manufacturing. Different types of anti foams include silicone-based, mineral oil-based, and organic polymer-based formulations, chosen according to the specific application and process conditions.
Calcium Chloride
Calcium Chloride is an inorganic salt composed of calcium and chlorine with the chemical formula CaCl₂. It typically appears as a white crystalline solid or granular powder, highly soluble in water and exhibiting strong hygroscopic properties. Calcium Chloride is widely used for its moisture-absorbing ability, de-icing, dust control, and as a firming agent in food processing. It finds extensive applications across industrial, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food sectors due to its efficacy in modifying physical and chemical properties of products and environments.
Ferric Chloride Anhydrous
Ferric Chloride Anhydrous (FeCl₃) is a dark brown to black crystalline solid with a metallic luster. It is a highly corrosive, hygroscopic inorganic salt widely used as a chemical reagent, catalyst, and coagulant. In its anhydrous form, ferric chloride is free of water and has a high purity of approximately 98%. It readily dissolves in water, releasing heat and producing acidic solutions. Ferric chloride is valued for its strong Lewis acid properties, making it effective in a variety of industrial, laboratory, and environmental applications. It is commonly supplied as a solid crystalline powder or lumps and should be handled with care due to its corrosive nature.
Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate
Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate, also known as iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate, is a pale green crystalline solid containing seven molecules of water of crystallization (FeSO₄·7H₂O). It is a widely used inorganic iron compound characterized by its high iron content (approximately 20% Fe) and good solubility in water. This hydrated salt is commonly used in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, and various industrial processes. The heptahydrate form is preferred for many applications due to its stability, ease of handling, and cost-effectiveness.
NPK 17-17-17
NPK 17-17-17 is a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer containing three essential macronutrients: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K), each at 17% concentration. This balanced formula supports overall plant growth by providing vital nutrients for root development, flowering, and fruiting. It is commonly used in various agricultural and horticultural applications to optimize crop yield and quality.
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium Nitrate is a white crystalline salt commonly known as saltpeter. It is a key oxidizing agent widely used in fertilizers, food preservation, pyrotechnics, and chemical manufacturing. Potassium Nitrate provides essential potassium and nitrogen nutrients in agriculture and acts as a source of oxygen in combustion reactions. Its stability and solubility make it valuable across various industries from agriculture to explosives.
Sodium Nitrate
Sodium Nitrate is an inorganic white crystalline solid with the chemical formula NaNO₃. This 25kg packaged industrial-grade product serves as a powerful oxidizing agent and nitrogen source, widely used in fertilizers, pyrotechnics, food preservation, and chemical manufacturing. Its high solubility and stability make it ideal for controlled oxidation processes and nitrate salt production.
