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Potassium Nitrate
Potassium Nitrate is a white crystalline salt commonly known as saltpeter. It is a key oxidizing agent widely used in fertilizers, food preservation, pyrotechnics, and chemical manufacturing. Potassium Nitrate provides essential potassium and nitrogen nutrients in agriculture and acts as a source of oxygen in combustion reactions. Its stability and solubility make it valuable across various industries from agriculture to explosives.
Potassium Nitrate
Primary Uses
- Agriculture
- Used extensively as a high-quality fertilizer supplying potassium and nitrogen essential for plant growth.
- Applied in hydroponics and soil conditioning to enhance crop yield and quality.
- Food Preservation
- Employed as a curing agent in processed meats to inhibit microbial growth and preserve color.
- Acts as a preservative and antioxidant in food products.
- Pyrotechnics and Explosives
- Serves as an oxidizer in fireworks, explosives, and rocket propellants.
- Used in manufacturing gunpowder and other pyrotechnic devices.
- Chemical Industry
- Utilized as a raw material in producing nitric acid and other potassium compounds.
- Acts as an oxidizing agent in various chemical syntheses.
Secondary Uses
- Glass and Ceramics
- Used as a flux in glassmaking to improve clarity and melting properties.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Used in small quantities in pharmaceutical formulations and diagnostic agents.
- Water Treatment
- Occasionally used in water treatment processes as an oxidizing agent.
- Metallurgy
- Applied in metal heat treatment processes and metal polishing compounds.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Potassium nitrate
- Common/Trade Name: Potassium Nitrate
- CAS Number: 7757-79-1
- HS Code: 2834.29
- Synonyms: Saltpeter; Nitrate of potash
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White crystalline solid or powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~31.6 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- Melting Point: 334°C
- Density: 2.11 g/cm³
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; decomposes on heating above 400°C
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Oxidizing solid (Category 2); may intensify fire
- Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity; avoid ingestion and inhalation
- Exposure Limits: Follow occupational safety limits; use protective equipment
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from combustible materials
- Container Type: Plastic or metal containers with tight seals
- Shelf Life: Generally 2–5 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid contamination with organic materials; use PPE to prevent dust inhalation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with fertilizer, food additive, and chemical safety regulations worldwide
- Classified as hazardous for transport due to oxidizing properties
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Inorganic salt; does not biodegrade but is environmentally stable
- Ecotoxicity: Can be harmful to aquatic life in high concentrations due to nitrate pollution
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, safety goggles, dust mask or respirator recommended
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid dust formation and contact with combustible materials
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and away from heat and ignition sources
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms occur
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation continues
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice immediately
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Strong oxidizer; may intensify fires and cause explosions when in contact with flammable materials
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers; avoid dry powder extinguishers alone
- Special Precautions: Firefighters must wear protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides and potassium oxides
Related products
Calcium Chloride
Calcium Chloride is an inorganic salt composed of calcium and chlorine with the chemical formula CaCl₂. It typically appears as a white crystalline solid or granular powder, highly soluble in water and exhibiting strong hygroscopic properties. Calcium Chloride is widely used for its moisture-absorbing ability, de-icing, dust control, and as a firming agent in food processing. It finds extensive applications across industrial, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food sectors due to its efficacy in modifying physical and chemical properties of products and environments.
Calcium Saccharin
Calcium Saccharin is the calcium salt form of saccharin, a synthetic sweetener. It appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder with a sweet taste that is several hundred times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar). Calcium Saccharin is water-soluble and widely used as a non-nutritive sweetener in food and beverage products, pharmaceuticals, and oral care formulations. Due to its stability under heat and acidic conditions, it is ideal for baked goods and beverages. It serves as a sugar substitute for diabetic and calorie-restricted diets and is often used in combination with other sweeteners to improve taste profiles.
Cetirizine Dihydrochloride
Cetirizine Dihydrochloride is a second-generation antihistamine widely used to relieve allergy symptoms such as hay fever, urticaria (hives), and other allergic conditions. It is the dihydrochloride salt form of cetirizine, presenting as a white to off-white crystalline powder that is odorless or nearly odorless and slightly bitter in taste. Cetirizine Dihydrochloride acts as a selective antagonist of peripheral H1 histamine receptors, preventing the effects of histamine and thereby reducing allergic symptoms without causing significant sedation. It is a commonly prescribed active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in oral tablets, syrups, and capsules.
Cetirizine Hydrochloride
Cetirizine Hydrochloride is a widely used second-generation antihistamine effective for treating allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and other allergy symptoms. It is the hydrochloride salt form of cetirizine, existing as a white to off-white crystalline powder with a slightly bitter taste. Cetirizine HCl acts by selectively blocking peripheral H1 histamine receptors, thereby reducing allergic symptoms without significant sedation or central nervous system depression. It is commonly formulated into tablets, syrups, and capsules as an active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Chlorpheniramine Maleate is a first-generation alkylamine antihistamine used primarily to relieve allergy symptoms by blocking H1 histamine receptors. It appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and alcohol. Known for rapid onset and moderate duration of action, it’s widely formulated in pharmaceuticals. It also exhibits mild anticholinergic and sedative effects.
Choline Chloride Powder
Choline Chloride Powder is a white to off-white crystalline powder containing 60% choline chloride, a quaternary ammonium salt essential as a nutrient in animal and poultry feed. It serves as a vital source of choline, an important component in fat metabolism, liver function, and cell membrane integrity. Produced through chemical synthesis, this powder form is highly soluble in water, making it easy to incorporate into feed premixes and supplements. Choline chloride is widely used in the agriculture industry to prevent choline deficiency, enhance growth performance, and improve overall health in livestock. Beyond animal nutrition, it finds applications in chemical manufacturing and pharmaceuticals.
Melamine
Melamine is an organic compound widely used as a raw material in the production of melamine-formaldehyde resins, laminates, adhesives, coatings, and flame retardants. It offers excellent hardness, thermal stability, and chemical resistance. Supplied in 25kg bags, melamine is a white crystalline powder with high nitrogen content, making it a valuable additive in plastics, construction materials, and surface treatments.
NPK 17-17-17
NPK 17-17-17 is a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer containing three essential macronutrients: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K), each at 17% concentration. This balanced formula supports overall plant growth by providing vital nutrients for root development, flowering, and fruiting. It is commonly used in various agricultural and horticultural applications to optimize crop yield and quality.
