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Calcium Nitrate
Calcium Nitrate is a highly soluble, white crystalline salt composed of calcium and nitrate ions. It is commonly available as a tetrahydrate (Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O). Known for its excellent solubility in water, calcium nitrate is widely used as a fertilizer providing both calcium and nitrogen to plants. It improves soil structure, enhances nutrient uptake, and prevents disorders such as blossom-end rot in fruits. Beyond agriculture, calcium nitrate serves in wastewater treatment, concrete acceleration, and industrial chemical processes.
Calcium Nitrate
Primary Uses
- Agriculture & Horticulture
- Used extensively as a water-soluble fertilizer supplying readily available calcium and nitrate nitrogen.
- Prevents calcium deficiency disorders in crops such as tomatoes, peppers, apples, and strawberries.
- Improves soil pH and structure, reducing soil acidity.
- Supports rapid plant growth and higher crop yields.
- Water Treatment
- Used as a nitrification inhibitor to prevent odor and corrosion caused by hydrogen sulfide in wastewater systems.
- Controls nitrogen cycling and reduces ammonia emissions in sewage treatment plants.
- Concrete & Construction
- Acts as a set accelerator and corrosion inhibitor in concrete mixes.
- Enhances early strength development and durability of concrete.
Secondary Uses
- Chemical Industry
- Used as a raw material in the manufacture of explosives, pyrotechnics, and other nitrate salts.
- Environmental Applications
- Applied in environmental remediation to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and improve soil remediation.
- Cold Packs
- Occasionally used in instant cold packs due to its endothermic dissolution properties.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Calcium dinitrate tetrahydrate
- Common/Trade Name: Calcium Nitrate
- CAS Number: 13477-34-4
- HS Code: 3105.30.00
- Molecular Formula: Ca(NO₃)₂ · 4H₂O
- Synonyms:
- Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate
- Norwegian saltpeter
- Calcium dinitrate
- Lime nitrate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline granules or powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Melting Point: Decomposes before melting at ~40°C (loss of water)
- Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
- Density: Approx. 1.9 g/cm³ (anhydrous)
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~121 g/100 mL at 20°C); insoluble in alcohol
- pH: Slightly acidic to neutral in aqueous solution (pH ~5.5–6.5)
- Stability: Hygroscopic; stable under normal conditions when stored dry
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Oxidizing solid (Category 3), may intensify fire
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 1
- Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA PEL; avoid inhalation of dust
- Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; ingestion may cause gastrointestinal irritation
- Reactivity: Strong oxidizer; reacts with combustible materials and reducing agents
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances such as organic materials and acids
- Container Type: Sealed plastic or polyethylene bags, drums, or bulk containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 2 years if stored properly
- Special Handling: Avoid dust formation and contact with combustibles; use PPE during handling
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: Approved for use in fertilizers; not for direct food use
- Pharmacopoeia Compliance: Not applicable
- Transportation: Classified as an oxidizer under hazardous materials regulations (UN number 1454)
- Waste Disposal: Dispose in accordance with local regulations for oxidizing substances
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: May cause oxygen depletion in water bodies if released in large amounts
- Persistence: Water-soluble and mobile in the environment
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Not applicable (inorganic salt)
Safety Handling Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Gloves
- Safety goggles
- Dust mask or respirator (if dust is generated)
- Protective clothing
Handling Measures:
- Avoid generating dust
- Use in well-ventilated areas
- Keep away from flammable materials and reducing agents
Storage Measures:
- Keep containers tightly closed
- Store away from heat sources, acids, and organic substances
- Protect from moisture
Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands after handling
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in handling areas
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention if large amounts are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Supports combustion; strong oxidizer
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective equipment and SCBA
- Decomposition Products: May release nitrogen oxides, calcium oxide, and toxic fumes when heated
Related products
Ammonia solution
Ammonia solutions, often referred to as aqueous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, are clear, colorless liquids consisting of ammonia gas dissolved in water. The concentration of ammonia in these solutions typically ranges from 5% to 35% by weight. Ammonia solutions possess a pungent odor characteristic of ammonia gas and are alkaline with a pH typically between 11 and 12.5. This solution is widely used across various industries due to its excellent cleaning properties, reactivity, and role as a nitrogen source.
Calcium Chloride
Calcium Chloride is an inorganic salt composed of calcium and chlorine with the chemical formula CaCl₂. It typically appears as a white crystalline solid or granular powder, highly soluble in water and exhibiting strong hygroscopic properties. Calcium Chloride is widely used for its moisture-absorbing ability, de-icing, dust control, and as a firming agent in food processing. It finds extensive applications across industrial, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food sectors due to its efficacy in modifying physical and chemical properties of products and environments.
Chlorine Tablets
Chlorine Tablets are solid, compressed forms of chlorine-releasing compounds, typically composed of stabilized trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) or sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDIC). These tablets are used primarily for water disinfection and sanitation due to their controlled and sustained release of chlorine. They appear as white to off-white, hard tablets with a mild chlorine odor. Chlorine Tablets are widely used in swimming pools, drinking water treatment, wastewater treatment, and industrial sanitization processes. Their slow dissolution ensures prolonged antimicrobial activity, providing effective control against bacteria, viruses, algae, and other pathogens.
Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate
Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate, also known as iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate, is a pale green crystalline solid containing seven molecules of water of crystallization (FeSO₄·7H₂O). It is a widely used inorganic iron compound characterized by its high iron content (approximately 20% Fe) and good solubility in water. This hydrated salt is commonly used in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, and various industrial processes. The heptahydrate form is preferred for many applications due to its stability, ease of handling, and cost-effectiveness.
Hydrogen Peroxide Tech Grade
Hydrogen Peroxide Tech Grade is a highly concentrated aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) designed primarily for industrial and technical applications. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sharp, acrid odor. Known for its strong oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting properties, this tech-grade formulation is typically used where high reactivity is required, often in non-food processes. It decomposes into environmentally benign by-products—water and oxygen—making it a preferred agent for sustainable industrial processes.
Indion Cation Resin
Indion Cation Resin is a synthetic ion exchange resin designed primarily for the removal of positively charged ions (cations) from water and various liquid streams. Typically composed of a sulfonated polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) copolymer, this resin features a highly porous bead structure with functional groups that exchange hydrogen or sodium ions for calcium, magnesium, iron, and other metallic cations. Available in different forms (strong acid cation, weak acid cation), Indion Cation Resin is widely used in water treatment, industrial processes, and purification systems.
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium Nitrate is a white crystalline salt commonly known as saltpeter. It is a key oxidizing agent widely used in fertilizers, food preservation, pyrotechnics, and chemical manufacturing. Potassium Nitrate provides essential potassium and nitrogen nutrients in agriculture and acts as a source of oxygen in combustion reactions. Its stability and solubility make it valuable across various industries from agriculture to explosives.
Sodium Nitrate
Sodium Nitrate is an inorganic white crystalline solid with the chemical formula NaNO₃. This 25kg packaged industrial-grade product serves as a powerful oxidizing agent and nitrogen source, widely used in fertilizers, pyrotechnics, food preservation, and chemical manufacturing. Its high solubility and stability make it ideal for controlled oxidation processes and nitrate salt production.
