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Chlorocresol BP
Chlorocresol BP, also known as PCMC (Para-Chlorometa-Cresol), is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a characteristic phenolic odor. It is a chlorinated phenol derivative widely used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial preservative. It exhibits effective bactericidal and fungicidal activity, making it a preferred preservative in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products. Chlorocresol is valued for its stability, solubility in aqueous and alcoholic systems, and compatibility with various formulation types. It helps inhibit microbial growth, thereby enhancing product shelf life and safety.
Chlorocresol BP
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceuticals
- Used as a preservative in topical creams, ointments, lotions, and injectables to prevent bacterial and fungal contamination.
- Incorporated in ophthalmic solutions and ear drops for antimicrobial protection.
- Added to antiseptic formulations for enhanced efficacy against pathogens.
- Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Employed in skin care products, hair care formulations, and deodorants as a preservative.
- Used in bath preparations and mouthwashes to inhibit microbial growth.
Secondary Uses
- Veterinary Medicine
- Used in veterinary topical and ophthalmic products for antimicrobial protection.
- Industrial Applications
- Incorporated in some industrial antiseptic and cleaning products where microbial contamination control is needed.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol
- Common/Trade Name: Chlorocresol BP, PCMC
- CAS Number: 59-50-7
- HS Code: 2907.30.00
- Molecular Formula: C7H7ClO
- Synonyms:
- Para-Chlorometa-Cresol
- Chlorocresol
- PCMC
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White to off-white; characteristic phenolic odor
- Melting Point: 64–68°C
- Boiling Point: Approx. 240°C (decomposes)
- Density: ~1.35 g/cm³
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol, ether, and oils
- Stability: Stable under normal storage; sensitive to light and heat
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; irritant to skin and eyes
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 2
- Reactivity: 0
- Exposure Limits: Avoid inhalation and prolonged skin contact; use adequate ventilation
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; may cause skin sensitization and irritation
- Reactivity: Stable but avoid strong oxidizers and acids
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, dark place in tightly closed containers
- Container Type: Sealed glass or high-density polyethylene containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 2-3 years under proper conditions
- Special Handling: Use PPE including gloves, goggles, and protective clothing; avoid dust generation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Pharmacopoeial Status: Complies with British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards
- FDA Status: Approved as a preservative in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics
- REACH Status: Registered under EU regulations
- Transportation: Not classified as hazardous under normal transport conditions
- Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local environmental and hazardous waste regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid release to waterways
- Persistence: Degrades slowly in the environment
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate significantly
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Moderate biodegradability under aerobic conditions
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE: Chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, lab coat, and respiratory protection if dust is present
- Handling: Avoid inhalation, skin, and eye contact; handle in well-ventilated areas
- Storage: Keep container tightly sealed and away from incompatible substances
- Hygiene: Wash hands after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
- Eye Contact: Flush immediately with water for 15 minutes; seek medical help
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible; may emit toxic fumes including chlorine-containing gases upon decomposition
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Decomposition Products: Chlorine-containing gases, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Related products
Benzyl Konium Chloride
Benzyl Konium Chloride (BAC) 50% is a quaternary ammonium compound with potent antimicrobial and disinfectant properties. It is a cationic surfactant widely used for its bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal effects. This clear to pale yellow liquid concentrate is highly soluble in water and is commonly used in healthcare, sanitation, and industrial hygiene applications. BAC 50% solutions serve as active ingredients in disinfectants, sanitizers, and antiseptics due to their effectiveness against a broad spectrum of microorganisms.
Chlorobutanol BP
Chlorobutanol BP (also known as 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is a white crystalline solid or powder, with a slight camphor-like odor and a bitter taste. It is a multifunctional preservative, anesthetic, and antimicrobial agent commonly used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products. Chlorobutanol exhibits bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties, making it effective in preventing microbial contamination in aqueous formulations. It also possesses mild local anesthetic effects, frequently used in ophthalmic and injectable preparations as a preservative and stabilizer.
Chloroxylenol BP
Chloroxylenol BP is a pale yellow to colorless crystalline solid with a mild phenolic odor. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely used for its bactericidal, fungicidal, and antiviral properties. Chemically known as 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, Chloroxylenol acts by disrupting microbial cell membranes and inhibiting enzyme systems, making it effective against many gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Its relatively low toxicity and skin irritation profile compared to other phenols have made it a preferred active ingredient in antiseptics, disinfectants, and preservative formulations across pharmaceutical, personal care, household, and industrial applications.
Dichlorophene Technical
Dichlorophene Technical (also known as 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-chlorophenol)) is a chlorinated phenolic compound used primarily as an antimicrobial agent and disinfectant. It appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder with a characteristic phenolic odor. Known for its potent bactericidal and fungicidal properties, Dichlorophene is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations, personal care products, and industrial disinfectants. The “Technical” grade refers to its industrial or bulk purity form used as a raw material in manufacturing.
Gentian Violet Crystals
Gentian Violet Crystals is a dark purple crystalline powder known chemically as Hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride. It is a synthetic triphenylmethane dye historically used for its antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiseptic properties. The “80” typically refers to the dye strength or concentration. Gentian Violet exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and is used in medical, veterinary, microbiological, histological, cosmetic, and industrial applications. It functions by disrupting bacterial and fungal cell membranes and inhibiting DNA replication. Despite reduced use in some areas due to safety concerns, it remains valuable in certain low-cost, traditional, and veterinary applications.
Iodine Crystals
Iodine Crystals are high-purity elemental iodine in solid crystalline form. These dark violet-black crystals have a characteristic pungent odor and sublime easily at room temperature, releasing violet iodine vapors. Iodine is a halogen element widely used for its antiseptic, oxidizing, and chemical reagent properties in pharmaceutical, industrial, and laboratory applications.
Methyl Paraben
Methyl Paraben is a white to off-white crystalline powder widely used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food products. It is a member of the paraben family of preservatives known for their effectiveness against a broad spectrum of bacteria and fungi. Methyl Paraben helps extend the shelf life of products by preventing microbial growth without affecting the product's texture or color.
PVP Iodine
PVP Iodine is a water-soluble complex of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and iodine, widely used as a broad-spectrum antiseptic. It delivers controlled iodine release, providing effective antimicrobial action against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. This preparation is favored for its ease of application, reduced irritation compared to tinctures, and stability in aqueous solutions. PVP Iodine 10% is commonly used in medical, veterinary, and personal care settings for disinfection and wound treatment.
