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Clotrimazole BP
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Clotrimazole BP is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent belonging to the imidazole class. It appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and chloroform. Clotrimazole is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of fungal infections affecting the skin, mucous membranes, and nails. Its mechanism involves inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, a vital component of fungal cell membranes, leading to increased cell permeability and fungal cell death. BP2000 indicates compliance with British Pharmacopoeia standards ensuring high purity and consistent quality suitable for pharmaceutical applications.
Description
Clotrimazole BP Uses
Primary Uses
Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare
- Used extensively in topical formulations (creams, ointments, lotions) for treating superficial fungal infections such as athlete’s foot (tinea pedis), ringworm (tinea corporis), jock itch (tinea cruris), and candidiasis.
- Incorporated in vaginal suppositories and creams for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
- Utilized in oral lozenges and troches for oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush).
- Active ingredient in medicated powders and sprays for fungal infections in intertriginous areas.
- Sometimes formulated in nail lacquers for onychomycosis (fungal nail infections).
Secondary UsesÂ
Veterinary Medicine
- Used topically in veterinary antifungal preparations for fungal infections in animals.
Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Occasionally incorporated in antifungal deodorants and foot-care products to prevent fungal growth and odor.
Research & Development
- Employed in laboratory research studying antifungal mechanisms and resistance patterns.
- Used in development of new antifungal delivery systems such as nanoparticles and controlled-release formulations.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
 Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 1-[(2-Chlorophenyl)(diphenyl)methyl]-1H-imidazole
- Common/Trade Name: Clotrimazole
- CAS Number: 23593-75-1
- HS Code: 2933.69.90
- Molecular Formula: C22H17ClN2
- Synonyms:
- 1-[(2-Chlorophenyl)(diphenyl)methyl]imidazole
- Canesten (brand)
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White/off-white; odorless to faint aromatic
- Melting Point: 147–150 °C
- Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
- Density: Approx. 1.27 g/cm³
- Solubility:
- Practically insoluble in water (<0.1 mg/mL)
- Soluble in ethanol, methanol, chloroform, DMSO
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to light and moisture over prolonged exposure
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous but may cause skin or eye irritation
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 1
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 0
- Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits
- Toxicity: Low systemic toxicity; possible mild skin sensitization or irritation in sensitive individuals
- Reactivity: Stable; avoid strong oxidizers and acids
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, dark place away from direct sunlight and moisture
- Container Type: Amber glass or plastic containers with airtight seals
- Shelf Life: 2–3 years when stored properly
- Special Handling: Use PPE (gloves, mask) to avoid dust inhalation; handle in well-ventilated areas
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- BP Status: Complies with British Pharmacopoeia 2000 standards
- FDA Status: Approved for pharmaceutical use as antifungal active ingredient
- REACH Status: Registered
- Transportation: Non-hazardous under normal transport regulations
- Waste Disposal: Dispose according to pharmaceutical waste guidelines
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental impact; not highly toxic to aquatic organisms at environmental levels
- Persistence: Moderate persistence; biodegrades slowly
- Bioaccumulation: Low potential
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Biodegradability: Slowly biodegradable
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
-
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE: Wear gloves, dust mask, and protective eyewear during handling
- Handling: Avoid dust generation; handle in well-ventilated areas or under fume hoods
- Storage: Keep containers tightly sealed, away from heat and light
- Hygiene: Wash hands after handling; avoid ingestion, inhalation, and eye contact
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; if symptoms such as coughing or dizziness develop, seek medical attention
- Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water; seek medical help if irritation persists
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water; do not induce vomiting; seek medical advice immediately
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible if exposed to high temperatures or flame
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or COâ‚‚ extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Decomposition Products: May emit toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and carbon monoxide when burned
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