Disodium Phosphate
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Disodium phosphate, also known as sodium hydrogen phosphate or disodium hydrogen phosphate, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na2HPO4. It is a white, crystalline powder or granular solid that is highly soluble in water.
In terms of its chemical composition, disodium phosphate consists of two sodium (Na+) ions and one phosphate (PO43-) ion. It is derived from phosphoric acid and is commonly used as a food additive, pH buffer, and a source of phosphorus in various industries.
As a food additive, disodium phosphate is primarily used as a texturizer, emulsifier, and stabilizer in processed foods and beverages. It helps improve the texture, increase shelf life, and prevent the separation of ingredients. Additionally, it can act as a pH regulator in certain food products.
In summary, disodium phosphate is an inorganic compound that serves various purposes in food and industrial applications, primarily as a food additive and pH buffer.
Uses of Disodium phosphate
Food Industry:
Disodium phosphate is widely used as a food additive. It functions as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and texturizer, helping to improve the texture and appearance of processed foods. It is commonly found in dairy products, baked goods, processed meats, canned soups, and beverages.
Water Treatment:
Disodium phosphate is utilized in water treatment processes. It acts as a pH buffer and helps to control the acidity or alkalinity of water. It is commonly used in swimming pools and water purification systems.
Cleaning Products:
Disodium phosphate is an ingredient in various cleaning products, including detergents and soaps. It aids in the removal of mineral deposits, stains, and greasy residues. It is particularly effective in cleaning hard surfaces like tiles and glass.
Pharmaceutical Industry:
Disodium phosphate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a buffering agent. It helps maintain the pH stability of certain medications and facilitates the absorption of drugs in the body.
Laboratory Applications:
Disodium phosphate is commonly employed in laboratory settings. It is used as a reagent in chemical reactions, as a pH buffer in various experiments, and as a component in buffer solutions used in biological and biochemical research.
Animal Nutrition:
Disodium phosphate is sometimes added to animal feed as a source of phosphorus and sodium. It helps promote healthy growth and development in livestock and poultry.
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Properties
- Chemical Formula: HCOONa
- Molecular Weight: 68.01 g/mol
- Appearance: White, crystalline solid
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water
- Density: 1.92 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 253 °C (487 °F) (decomposes)
- Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
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