Guaiphenesin BP

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Guaiphenesin BP is a white crystalline powder or granules with a faint characteristic odor, classified as an expectorant used primarily in pharmaceutical formulations to relieve chest congestion. It works by loosening and thinning mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear from the respiratory tract. It is widely utilized in cough syrups, tablets, and cold remedies. Recognized for its mucolytic and muscle-relaxant properties, Guaiphenesin is included in both prescription and over-the-counter medications worldwide.

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Category: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) Tags: Cough Suppressant, Expectorant, Guaifenesin BP, Guaiphenesin, Pharmaceutical ingredient

Description

Table of Contents

Guaiphenesin BP

Primary Uses

Pharmaceutical Industry

Acts as an expectorant in cough syrups and cold medicines, aiding in mucus clearance in conditions such as bronchitis, common cold, and upper respiratory tract infections.
Used in combination formulations with decongestants, antihistamines, and cough suppressants to provide symptomatic relief from cough and chest congestion.
Formulated in tablet, capsule, and liquid dosage forms for oral administration.
Employed as a muscle relaxant to alleviate minor muscle aches associated with respiratory illnesses.
Utilized in veterinary medicine for respiratory conditions in animals.

Cosmetics and Personal Care

Occasionally used in topical formulations for its muscle-relaxant properties to relieve minor muscular discomfort.

Research and Development

Used as a standard reference compound in respiratory pharmacology studies and cough reflex research.

Secondary Uses

Food Industry

Sometimes included in formulations as a food-grade mucolytic additive in specialized functional foods targeting respiratory health.

Industrial Applications

Utilized in the synthesis of related pharmaceutical compounds as an intermediate or additive.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): 3-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol
Common/Trade Name: Guaiphenesin
CAS Number: 93-14-1
BP Reference: British Pharmacopoeia (BP) grade
HS Code: 2933.69.00
Molecular Formula: C10H14O4
Molecular Weight: 198.22 g/mol
Synonyms:
- Guaifenesin
- Glyceryl guaiacolate
- 3-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Crystalline powder or granules
Color & Odor: White; faint characteristic odor
Melting Point: 92–96 °C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol and chloroform
pH (1% solution): 5.5–7.5
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions

Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous; low toxicity
Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; safe at recommended doses
Irritation: May cause mild skin or eye irritation in concentrated form

Storage & Handling Attributes

Container Type: Sealed polyethylene or glass containers
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture
Shelf Life: Typically 3–5 years under recommended conditions
Handling Notes: Avoid dust generation; use in well-ventilated areas

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Pharmacopoeia Standards: Complies with BP, USP, and EP monographs
Regulatory Approval: Approved for use in pharmaceutical formulations globally
REACH: Registered for industrial use

Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Ecotoxicity: Low environmental toxicity
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: No evidence of carcinogenic or mutagenic effects

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, safety goggles
Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhalation of dust; avoid contact with skin and eyes
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; do not eat or smoke in handling areas

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for 15 minutes; consult physician if irritation continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention if large quantities ingested

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Combustible solid
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, CO₂
Combustion Products: Carbon oxides and other toxic fumes
Firefighter PPE: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing