Guanidine Carbonate
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Guanidine Carbonate is a white crystalline powder, highly soluble in water, with strong basicity and high nitrogen content. It’s a versatile chemical intermediate widely used in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, polymer chemistry, textiles, and laboratory research. Its buffering properties and reactivity make it valuable in synthesis, pH regulation, and as a nitrogen source.
Description
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Guanidine Carbonate
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceutical Industry
- Precursor in the synthesis of antidiabetic drugs such as metformin and related biguanides.
- Intermediate for antiviral, antihypertensive, and antibacterial compounds containing guanidine moieties.
- Used in formulation pH control and buffering systems for stable drug preparations.
- Incorporated in veterinary medicines for similar pharmaceutical applications.
- Agriculture
- Used as a nitrogen-rich fertilizer to promote plant growth and yield.
- Intermediate in the synthesis of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
- Functions as a soil conditioner by moderating pH and improving nutrient availability.
- Chemical Industry
- Key raw material in production of guanidine-based resins, adhesives, and curing agents for epoxy and polyurethane systems.
- Employed in the textile industry for dye fixation and as a pH buffer during fabric processing.
- Used in rubber vulcanization accelerators and in manufacture of plasticizers.
- Important reagent in organic synthesis for preparation of amidines, guanidines, and heterocyclic compounds.
- Used in the manufacture of dyes, pigments, and photographic chemicals.
- Laboratory and Research
- Utilized as a denaturant for proteins and nucleic acids in molecular biology research.
- Employed in biochemical assays and enzymatic reactions requiring controlled pH.
- Used as a reagent in analytical chemistry and synthetic organic chemistry protocols.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Used in trace amounts as a pH adjuster and buffering agent in skincare and cosmetic formulations.
- Environmental and Wastewater Treatment
- Investigated as an agent for removing heavy metals and nitrogenous wastes from contaminated water.
- Utilized in biodegradation enhancement during treatment of industrial effluents.
- Food Industry
- Occasionally used as a processing aid or pH regulator in niche food applications (regulated and limited).
- Miscellaneous
- Employed in corrosion inhibitors for metal protection in industrial processes.
- Used in photographic chemical preparations and flame retardants synthesis.
- Investigated as an intermediate in battery electrolyte formulations and fuel additives.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Guanidinium carbonate
- Common/Trade Name: Guanidine Carbonate
- CAS Number: 593-85-1
- HS Code: 2921.49.00
- Molecular Formula: C2H8N4O3
- Molecular Weight: 116.09 g/mol
- Synonyms: Guanidinium carbonate; Carbonic acid guanidine salt; Guanidine bicarbonate (related)
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Melting Point: Decomposes above 160 °C
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol
- pH (1% aqueous solution): Alkaline (~11)
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified hazardous; alkaline substance
- Toxicity: Low; mild irritant potential
- Irritation: May irritate skin, eyes, respiratory tract upon exposure
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Container Type: Sealed polyethylene bags or drums
- Storage Conditions: Cool, dry, ventilated area away from moisture and acids
- Shelf Life: 2–3 years
- Handling Notes: Avoid dust; PPE recommended
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with REACH, industrial chemical safety standards
- Approved for use in manufacturing across regulated industries
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low at environmental concentrations
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: None known
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
- Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, goggles, dust mask/respirator
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid dust inhalation, skin and eye contact; use adequate ventilation
- Hygiene Practices: Wash hands after handling; no food/drink in work areas
- First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Fresh air, seek medical help if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritated
- Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for 15+ minutes; consult physician if irritation remains
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical care
- Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Not highly flammable; decomposes releasing toxic gases under intense heat
- Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, CO₂
- Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
- Firefighter PPE: SCBA and protective clothing
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