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Ichthammol BP
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Ichthammol BP, also known as ammonium bituminosulfonate, is a dark brown to black, viscous, sulfur-rich, semi-solid substance derived from the distillation of shale or bituminous rocks. It has a characteristic tar-like odor and is highly valued in pharmaceutical and dermatological applications for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antipruritic (anti-itch), and keratolytic properties. Ichthammol penetrates deeply into the skin and soft tissues, helping to alleviate inflammation and promote healing. It is widely used in topical preparations for treating skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, boils, abscesses, and other dermatological infections.
Description
Ichthammol BP
Primary UsesÂ
- Dermatology and Medical Applications
- Used extensively as a topical ointment or paste for treating skin conditions including eczema, psoriasis, acne, and dermatitis due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects.
- Effective in treating abscesses, boils, furuncles, and carbuncles by promoting drainage and reducing swelling and pain.
- Employed to relieve itching and irritation caused by insect bites, allergic reactions, and fungal infections.
- Applied in wound care to help reduce inflammation and prevent infection in minor cuts, burns, and skin ulcers.
- Used in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis and other scalp conditions when formulated in shampoos or creams.
- Incorporated in medicated plasters and poultices for drawing out impurities from the skin (drawing salve).
- Veterinary Medicine
- Applied topically on animals to treat skin infections, wounds, and inflammatory conditions such as dermatitis and abscesses.
Secondary UsesÂ
- Traditional and Alternative Medicine
- Used in homeopathic and naturopathic medicine for its detoxifying and healing properties.
- Incorporated into natural ointments and salves for managing chronic skin ailments and pain relief.
- Cosmetic Industry
- Sometimes used in specialized formulations for skin care products aimed at soothing irritated or inflamed skin (though less common due to odor and color).
- Research & Development
- Studied for its antimicrobial properties and potential applications in novel topical drug delivery systems.
KEY ATTRIBUTES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Ammonium bituminosulfonate
- Common/Trade Name: Ichthammol BP98
- CAS Number: 8052-42-4
- HS Code: 2707.90.00
- Synonyms: Sulfonated shale oil; Ammonium bitumen sulfonate; Ichthyol
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Viscous semi-solid (thick paste)
- Color & Odor: Dark brown to black; characteristic tar-like odor
- Melting Point: Softens above 40 °C
- Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water; soluble in oils and organic solvents
- pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (approx. 6–7)
- Stability: Stable under standard storage; sensitive to high heat and light
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under normal use
- Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; may cause skin irritation or allergic reaction in sensitive individuals
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits established
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers away from heat, light, and moisture
- Container Type: Glass jars, metal tins, or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 24 months when stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid prolonged skin contact; use gloves if sensitivity is suspected
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Listed in British Pharmacopoeia (BP) with established quality standards
- Approved for topical pharmaceutical use in many countries
- Usage regulated for pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Slowly biodegradable due to aromatic sulfur compounds
- Ecotoxicity: Low to moderate; handle waste responsibly
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: No evidence of carcinogenic or mutagenic effects
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
- Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves recommended to avoid prolonged skin exposure
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas to avoid inhaling vapors
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed; store away from heat and direct sunlight
- First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; discontinue use if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical advice if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if large quantities swallowed
- Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible; may emit toxic fumes such as sulfur oxides when burned
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or water spray
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing
- Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and other hazardous fumes
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