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Lactic Acid
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Lactic Acid is a colorless to pale yellow, viscous liquid with a mild acidic odor. It is an organic acid naturally produced by fermentation and widely used in industrial, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications. The 80% concentration provides a balance of potency and ease of handling, making it suitable for pH adjustment, preservation, and chemical synthesis. Lactic acid is biodegradable, non-toxic, and valued for its multifunctionality including antimicrobial properties and chelation abilities.
Categories: Admixtures, Acidulants, Excipients, Nutraceutical Ingredients (pharmaceutical), pH Adjusters, Preservatives, Preservatives(food)
Tags: Cosmetics & Personal Care, Food & Beverage Industry, Food Grade Lactic Acid, Industrial Lactic Acid, Lactic Acid 80%, pH Regulator, Pharmaceutical industry
Description
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Lactic Acid
Primary Uses
- Food & Beverage Industry
- Used as a food acidulant and preservative to regulate acidity and enhance flavor in dairy products, beverages, sauces, and pickled foods.
- Acts as a fermentation aid and pH regulator in yogurt, cheese, and sourdough production.
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Industry
- Employed as an active ingredient in skin care formulations for exfoliation, moisturizing, and pH balancing.
- Used in topical creams, lotions, and chemical peels for its keratolytic and humectant properties.
- Acts as a preservative and pH adjuster in pharmaceutical syrups and ointments.
- Industrial Applications
- Serves as a pH regulator and buffering agent in textile processing, leather tanning, and cleaning formulations.
- Used in biodegradable polymer production (e.g., polylactic acid) for environmentally friendly plastics and packaging.
- Functions as a chelating agent and descaling chemical in cleaning and metal treatment processes.
- Agriculture
- Used as a biocide and preservative in animal feed to inhibit microbial growth and spoilage.
Secondary Uses
- Water Treatment
- Applied as a biodegradable acidulant and pH regulator in water treatment plants to control alkalinity.
- Chemical Synthesis
- Used as a building block in the synthesis of various chemicals including solvents, biodegradable polymers, and pharmaceuticals.
- Cleaning Products
- Included in eco-friendly cleaning agents for its acidity and antimicrobial effects, useful in food processing and household cleaners.
- Textile Industry
- Acts as a mordant and pH adjuster in dyeing and finishing processes.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid
- Common/Trade Name: Lactic Acid 80%
- CAS Number: 50-21-5
- HS Code: 2918.14.00
- Synonyms: Alpha-hydroxypropionic acid; Milk acid; 2-Hydroxypropionic acid
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Viscous liquid
- Color & Odor: Colorless to pale yellow; mild acidic odor
- pH (80% solution): Approximately 2.0
- Density: ~1.21 g/cm³
- Solubility: Miscible with water and alcohols
- Boiling Point: 122 °C (decomposes)
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Skin corrosion/irritation (Category 2), Serious eye damage/eye irritation (Category 1)
- Toxicity: Low toxicity but corrosive at high concentrations
- Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits; avoid inhalation and skin contact
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances like strong oxidizers and bases
- Container Type: Supplied in corrosion-resistant containers such as plastic drums or lined steel drums
- Shelf Life: Typically 1-2 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use appropriate PPE including gloves, goggles, and acid-resistant clothing; avoid inhalation and contact
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Approved for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications by FDA, EFSA, and other regulatory bodies
- Complies with REACH and other chemical safety regulations
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic organisms at typical use concentrations
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
- Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Acid-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shield, protective clothing
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid skin and eye contact
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored away from incompatible chemicals
- First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if symptoms develop
- Skin Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical advice if irritation persists
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek urgent medical attention
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek medical attention immediately
- Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible; emits toxic fumes of carbon oxides when heated to decomposition
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO2 extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus during firefighting
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and lactic acid vapors
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Preservatives(food)
Flavor Enhancers
Acidulants
Sweeteners
Antioxidants
Colorants(food)
Nutraceutical Ingredients (food)
Nutrient Supplements
Emulsifiers
Collectors
Dust Suppressants
Explosives and Blasting Agents
Flocculants and Coagulants
Frothers
Leaching Agents
pH Modifiers
Precious Metal Extraction Agents
Antioxidants(plastic)
Colorants (Pigments, Dyes)
Fillers and Reinforcements
Flame Retardants
Monomers
Plasticizers
Polymerization Initiators
Stabilizers (UV, Heat)
Antifoaming Agents
Chelating Agents
Coagulants and Flocculants
Corrosion Inhibitors
Disinfectants and Biocides
Oxidizing Agents
pH Adjusters
Scale Inhibitors( water)
Antioxidants(cosmetic)
Emollients
Fragrances and Essential Oils
Humectants
Preservatives
Surfactants(cosmetic)
Thickeners
UV Filters
Fertilizers
Soil Conditioners
Plant Growth Regulators
Animal Feed Additives
Biostimulants
Pesticides (Herbicides, Insecticides, Fungicides)
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
Excipients
Solvents(pharmaceutical)
Antibiotics
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Vaccine Adjuvants
Nutraceutical Ingredients (pharmaceutical)
Analgesics & Antipyretics
Analytical Reagents
Solvents(lab)
Chromatography Chemicals
Spectroscopy Reagents
microbiology-and-cell-culture-reagents
Molecular Biology Reagents
Biochemical Reagents
Inorganic and Organic Standards
Laboratory Safety Chemicals
Specialty Laboratory Chemicals(Special Laboratory Equipment)
Demulsifiers
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids
Scale Inhibitors(oil)
Surfactants(oil)
Drilling Fluids
Dyes and Pigments
Bleaching Agents
Softening Agents
Finishing Agents
Antistatic Agents
Admixtures
Waterproofing Agents
Sealants and Adhesives
Curing Compounds
Concrete Repair Chemicals
Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Surfactants(cleaning)
Builders
Enzymes
Solvents (Cleaning)
Fragrances
Electronic Chemicals
Catalysts
Lubricants
Photographic Chemicals
Refrigerants
Automotive chemicals
Pyrotechnic Chemicals
Biodegradable Surfactants
Bio-based Solvents
Renewable Polymers
Carbon Capture Chemicals
Wastewater Treatment Chemicals
Pigments
Solvents(paint)
Specialty Coatings
Binders/Resins
Additives
Driers
Anti-Corrosion Agents
Functional Coatings
Application-Specific Coatings
Fresh Herbs
Ground Spices
Whole Spices
Spice Blends
Dried Herbs
Leavening Agents
Dough Conditioners
Flour Treatments
Fat Replacers
Decoratives
Preservatives(baking)
Plasticizers & Softeners
Reinforcing Agents
Adhesion Promoters
Vulcanizing Agents
Antidegradants
Blowing Agents
Fillers & Extenders
Accelerators & Retarders