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Magnesium Hydroxide BP
Magnesium Hydroxide BP is a white, odorless, fine powder or suspension with the chemical formula Mg(OH)₂. It is a pharmacopeial grade material meeting British Pharmacopoeia standards, widely used for its antacid, laxative, and neutralizing properties. Magnesium Hydroxide BP is sparingly soluble in water, releasing hydroxide ions that neutralize acids and increase pH. It finds broad applications in pharmaceuticals, water treatment, environmental management, and industrial processes.
Magnesium Hydroxide BP
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceutical Uses
- Used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and relieve indigestion, heartburn, and acid reflux.
- Functions as an osmotic laxative to treat constipation by drawing water into the intestines and promoting bowel movements.
- Included in formulations for oral suspensions and chewable tablets.
- Water Treatment
- Used to neutralize acidic wastewater and adjust pH levels in water treatment plants.
- Acts as a flocculant to precipitate heavy metals and impurities from industrial effluents.
- Environmental Applications
- Employed for gas scrubbing, particularly in flue gas desulfurization to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions.
- Used in soil remediation to neutralize acidic soils.
- Industrial Uses
- Utilized as a filler and flame retardant in plastics, rubber, and paper industries.
- Applied in the production of cosmetics and personal care products as a mild abrasive and pH adjuster.
Secondary Uses
- Food Industry
- Sometimes used as a food additive and acidity regulator under strict regulations.
- Cosmetics and Toiletries
- Added to deodorants and antiperspirants for moisture control and pH adjustment.
- Agriculture
- Used in animal feed supplements as a magnesium source.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Magnesium hydroxide
- Common/Trade Name: Magnesium Hydroxide BP
- CAS Number: 1309-42-8
- HS Code: 2825.50.00
- Synonyms: Milk of magnesia; Mg(OH)₂; Magnesium dihydroxide
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Fine white powder or suspension
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water (~0.0009 g/100 mL at 20 °C)
- pH (saturated solution): Approximately 10.5
- Density: 2.39 g/cm³
- Melting Point: Decomposes before melting (~350 °C)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Generally considered non-hazardous
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; ingestion at high doses may cause laxative effects
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits; avoid dust inhalation
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from acids
- Container Type: Sealed plastic or fiber drums, bags
- Shelf Life: 2 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid generating dust; use personal protective equipment
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with British Pharmacopoeia standards
- Approved for pharmaceutical and food-related uses under regulatory norms
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Inorganic compound, not biodegradable but environmentally safe
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental toxicity; may raise pH if released in large amounts
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, and safety goggles when handling powder
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhalation of dust; use in well-ventilated areas
- Storage Measures: Keep container closed and away from acids
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation develops
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15 minutes; consult a physician if irritation continues
- Ingestion: Drink water; seek medical advice if large quantities ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical for surrounding fires
- Special Precautions: None specific
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce magnesium oxide and water vapor on decomposition
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