Magnesium Chloride

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Magnesium Chloride is a white crystalline salt or granular solid composed of magnesium and chloride ions, commonly found as the hexahydrate form (MgCl₂·6H₂O). It is highly soluble in water, forming a clear, colorless solution with a slightly bitter saline taste. Magnesium Chloride is valued for its hygroscopic properties and is widely used across multiple industries including de-icing, chemical manufacturing, agriculture, food, pharmaceutical, and textile applications. It acts as a source of magnesium, a vital mineral for various biological and industrial processes.

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Categories: Coagulants and Flocculants, Dust Suppressants Tags: Electrolyte, Food additive, Industrial use, Magnesium Chloride, Mineral supplement, Pharmaceutical Grade

Description

Table of Contents

Magnesium Chloride

Primary Uses

De-icing and Dust Control

Applied as a road de-icing agent due to its ability to lower the freezing point of water, providing effective ice and snow melting.
Used for dust suppression on unpaved roads, construction sites, and mining operations by absorbing moisture and reducing airborne dust.

Chemical Industry

Used as a precursor in the production of magnesium metal and magnesium-based chemicals.
Acts as a catalyst or reactant in various chemical syntheses and industrial processes.

Agriculture

Serves as a magnesium supplement in fertilizers to correct magnesium-deficient soils, essential for healthy plant growth.
Used in animal feed formulations to provide necessary magnesium nutrients.

Food Industry

Employed as a firming agent, coagulant, and nutrient supplement in food processing (E511).
Used in tofu production as a coagulating agent.
Acts as a source of magnesium in mineral-fortified foods and beverages.

Pharmaceutical and Medical Uses

Used in intravenous magnesium therapy and electrolyte replenishment (pharmaceutical grade).
Included in magnesium oil sprays and topical magnesium products for muscle relaxation and skin care.

Textile Industry

Used in dyeing and printing processes to improve fabric quality and dye fixation.

Secondary Uses

Environmental Applications

Used in wastewater treatment for phosphorus removal and as a flocculant.

Construction

Acts as a component in certain types of cements and concrete formulations to improve strength and durability.

Cosmetics and Personal Care

Included as a mineral supplement and skin conditioning agent in personal care products such as bath salts and lotions.

Other Industrial Uses

Used in the production of fireproofing agents, paper manufacture, and textile finishing.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Magnesium chloride (hexahydrate)
Common/Trade Name: Magnesium Chloride
CAS Number: 7791-18-6 (hexahydrate)
HS Code: 2827.39.00
Synonyms: MgCl₂; Magnesium dichloride; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate; MgCl₂·6H₂O

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Crystalline solid or granules (hexahydrate)
Color & Odor: White or colorless; odorless
Solubility: Highly soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol
Melting Point: 118 °C (anhydrous form)
Density: Approx. 2.32 g/cm³ (anhydrous)
Hygroscopicity: Highly hygroscopic

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Causes serious eye irritation (Category 2A)
Toxicity: Low toxicity; irritating to eyes and skin on contact
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits; standard dust and mist controls advised

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and incompatible substances
Container Type: Sealed plastic or fiber drums, bags, or bulk containers
Shelf Life: Typically 1-2 years if stored properly
Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust or mist; use PPE such as gloves and eye protection

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Approved for use as a food additive (E511) and in pharmaceutical applications
Complies with major food safety and pharmaceutical regulations (FDA, EFSA, etc.)

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Inorganic salt; not biodegradable but environmentally safe at typical usage levels
Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic organisms but avoid high concentrations in waterways
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Gloves, safety goggles, dust mask or respirator if dusty
Handling Guidelines: Minimize dust formation and exposure; work in ventilated areas
Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and dry; avoid contact with moisture

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation or respiratory difficulty occurs
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; consult a physician
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention if large amounts ingested

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable; magnesium chloride does not support combustion
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical to extinguish surrounding fires
Special Precautions: Avoid inhalation of fumes if exposed to high heat or fire
Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce chlorine-containing gases if decomposed at high temperatures