N-Butanol

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N-Butanol (1-butanol) is a four-carbon linear alcohol with the chemical formula C₄H₉OH. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a mild, alcoholic odor. N-Butanol is widely used as a solvent in paints, coatings, adhesives, and chemical synthesis. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers, butyl acrylate, and other chemicals. Its moderate volatility and solvent properties make it valuable in industrial and commercial applications.

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Categories: Solvents (Cleaning), Solvents(paint) Tags: Butyl alcohol, Industrial solvent, N-Butanol, Normal Butanol, Paints & Coatings, Plasticizer Intermediate

Description

Table of Contents

Primary Uses

Solvent in Paints and Coatings
- Used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, alkyd, and cellulose acetate coatings to improve flow and drying characteristics.
- Enhances gloss and adhesion of paints and varnishes.
Chemical Intermediate
- Utilized in the production of butyl acrylate, plasticizers, and glycol ethers.
- Serves as a raw material in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
Adhesives and Sealants
- Acts as a solvent in adhesive formulations for improved consistency and drying time.
Cleaning Agent
- Employed in industrial cleaning formulations due to its solvency and low toxicity compared to other solvents.

Secondary Uses

Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Used in small quantities as a solvent in perfumes and fragrances.
Extractants
- Used in extraction processes in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Fuel Additive
- Occasionally used as a fuel additive or blending component in gasoline to improve combustion properties.
Laboratory Solvent
- Used in chemical laboratories for reagent preparation and sample processing.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Butan-1-ol
Common/Trade Name: N-Butanol, 1-Butanol
CAS Number: 71-36-3
HS Code: 2905.43.00
Synonyms: n-Butyl alcohol; 1-Butanol

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
Color & Odor: Colorless; mild alcoholic odor
Boiling Point: 117.7°C
Melting Point: -89.5°C
Density: 0.81 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with most organic solvents
Flash Point: 35°C (closed cup)

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3)
Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; can cause irritation to skin and eyes
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL 100 ppm; ACGIH TLV 20 ppm (TWA)

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition
Container Type: Supplied in metal or plastic drums and containers
Shelf Life: Typically 1 year if stored properly
Handling Precautions: Use explosion-proof equipment; avoid inhalation and skin contact

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Complies with REACH, OSHA, EPA, and other relevant chemical safety regulations
Listed in major chemical inventories worldwide

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
Ecotoxicity: Moderate aquatic toxicity; avoid release into waterways
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Gloves, goggles, and flame-resistant clothing recommended
Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid ignition sources
Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed; store away from oxidizers

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical help
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Flammable liquid and vapor
Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers
Special Precautions: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective gear
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, aldehydes