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N-Butanol
N-Butanol (1-butanol) is a four-carbon linear alcohol with the chemical formula C₄H₉OH. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a mild, alcoholic odor. N-Butanol is widely used as a solvent in paints, coatings, adhesives, and chemical synthesis. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers, butyl acrylate, and other chemicals. Its moderate volatility and solvent properties make it valuable in industrial and commercial applications.
Primary Uses
- Solvent in Paints and Coatings
- Used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, alkyd, and cellulose acetate coatings to improve flow and drying characteristics.
- Enhances gloss and adhesion of paints and varnishes.
- Chemical Intermediate
- Utilized in the production of butyl acrylate, plasticizers, and glycol ethers.
- Serves as a raw material in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
- Adhesives and Sealants
- Acts as a solvent in adhesive formulations for improved consistency and drying time.
- Cleaning Agent
- Employed in industrial cleaning formulations due to its solvency and low toxicity compared to other solvents.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Used in small quantities as a solvent in perfumes and fragrances.
- Extractants
- Used in extraction processes in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
- Fuel Additive
- Occasionally used as a fuel additive or blending component in gasoline to improve combustion properties.
- Laboratory Solvent
- Used in chemical laboratories for reagent preparation and sample processing.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Butan-1-ol
- Common/Trade Name: N-Butanol, 1-Butanol
- CAS Number: 71-36-3
- HS Code: 2905.43.00
- Synonyms: n-Butyl alcohol; 1-Butanol
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
- Color & Odor: Colorless; mild alcoholic odor
- Boiling Point: 117.7°C
- Melting Point: -89.5°C
- Density: 0.81 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with most organic solvents
- Flash Point: 35°C (closed cup)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3)
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; can cause irritation to skin and eyes
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL 100 ppm; ACGIH TLV 20 ppm (TWA)
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition
- Container Type: Supplied in metal or plastic drums and containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 1 year if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use explosion-proof equipment; avoid inhalation and skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with REACH, OSHA, EPA, and other relevant chemical safety regulations
- Listed in major chemical inventories worldwide
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Moderate aquatic toxicity; avoid release into waterways
- Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, goggles, and flame-resistant clothing recommended
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid ignition sources
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed; store away from oxidizers
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical help
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Flammable liquid and vapor
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective gear
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, aldehydes
Related products
Engine Cleaner
Engine Cleaner (also known as Engine Degreaser) is a heavy-duty, solvent-based or aqueous-based chemical formulation designed to dissolve, emulsify, and remove stubborn petroleum-based contaminants from mechanical assemblies. Its primary function is to cut through and lift accumulated engine oil, grease, grime, carbon deposits, and road tar from internal combustion engines, machinery parts, and automotive components. Technical-grade engine cleaner is engineered for industrial, automotive repair, and fleet maintenance applications. It is not intended for use on active electronic components, certain plastics, or as a general-purpose household cleaner due to its potent chemical strength and potential corrosivity.
Hydrochloric Acid (HCL)
Hydrochloric Acid is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas. It is a strong, highly corrosive mineral acid with a sharp, pungent odor. The chemical formula is HCl with a molecular weight of 36.46 g/mol. Hydrochloric Acid is completely miscible with water and many organic solvents. It is non-flammable but extremely corrosive to metals and human tissue. Technical grade Hydrochloric Acid is manufactured for industrial applications including chemical manufacturing, steel pickling, oil well acidizing, water treatment, and pH adjustment. It is available in various concentrations, typically ranging from 30% to 38% by weight.
Isophorone
Isophorone is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, ketone-like odor. Chemically classified as a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), it is a solvent widely used in industrial applications. It has good solvency properties for resins, paints, coatings, and inks, combined with relatively slow evaporation compared to other ketones. Isophorone is miscible with many organic solvents and used extensively in manufacturing and chemical synthesis.
Isopropyl Alcohol Tech Grade (IPA)
Isopropyl Alcohol Tech Grade is a colorless, flammable liquid with a strong, characteristic alcohol odor. It is a solution containing approximately 85% isopropanol by volume, with the remainder primarily water. This technical-grade IPA is widely used as a solvent, disinfectant, and cleaning agent in industrial, pharmaceutical, and household applications. The 85% concentration balances efficacy with safety and evaporation rate, making it versatile for various uses.
Methoxy Propyl Acetate
Methoxy Propyl Acetate is a clear, colorless liquid solvent with a mild fruity odor. It is an ester derived from methoxy propanol and acetic acid, widely used in coatings, inks, adhesives, and cleaning products due to its excellent solvency, moderate evaporation rate, and good compatibility with various resins. PMA offers low volatility and strong solvency for a broad range of materials, making it ideal for industrial and commercial applications.
N-Propanol
N-Propanol, also known as n-Propyl Alcohol or 1-Propanol, is a clear, colorless, low-viscosity liquid with a characteristic mild alcohol-like odor. It is a primary alcohol with the molecular formula C₃H₈O, fully miscible with water and common organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, glycols, and hydrocarbons. This high-purity, semi-volatile, polar solvent serves as both a versatile solvent and a chemical intermediate across multiple industrial sectors. N-Propanol has a flash point of 15–23°C and is classified as a highly flammable liquid. Technical grade N-Propanol is manufactured for industrial applications and is not intended for direct human consumption unless specifically certified as USP or Food Grade.
Special Boiling Point
Special Boiling Point is a specialized solvent fraction characterized by a boiling range between 40°C and 60°C. It is commonly used in industries requiring solvents with low boiling points for rapid evaporation and efficient solvent action. This grade is valued for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds and is widely applied in coatings, cleaning agents, chemical synthesis, and extraction processes where controlled volatility is critical for process performance.
Xylene
Xylene is a clear, colorless, flammable aromatic hydrocarbon solvent consisting of three isomers: ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene. It is widely utilized in various industries for its excellent solvency, chemical stability, and moderate evaporation rate. Xylene serves as a key raw material in chemical manufacturing and an effective solvent in coatings, adhesives, inks, and cleaning applications.
