Propylparaben (Prop BH)
$ 1.00
Prop BH, also known as Propylparaben or Propyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate, is an organic compound belonging to the paraben family of preservatives. It appears as colorless small crystals or a white crystalline powder with a characteristic mild odor and a slightly bitter taste. The compound is practically insoluble in cold water but readily soluble in alcohols, ethers, and other organic solvents. Propylparaben is widely recognized for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, particularly effective against molds, yeasts, and bacteria. Propylparaben is manufactured for use as a preservative in various industrial applications and is not intended for direct human consumption without appropriate certification.
Propylparaben (Prop BH)
Primary Uses
1. Food and Beverage Chemicals
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Food preservative used in baked goods, sauces, pickles, processed meats, dairy products, and beverages to inhibit molds, yeasts, and bacteria
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Protective agent in food coloring applications to prevent microbial spoilage
2. Cosmetic and Personal Care Chemicals
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Preservative in creams, lotions, shampoos, conditioners, makeup products, deodorants, and sunscreen formulations to extend shelf life and prevent microbial growth
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Primary antimicrobial agent in personal care preservation systems
3. Pharmaceutical Chemicals
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Preservative in liquid pharmaceuticals including syrups, suspensions, and topical preparations
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Antimicrobial agent in pharmaceutical formulations requiring microbial protection
4. Agricultural Chemicals
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Preservative in animal feed and pet food formulations to prevent mold growth and maintain feed quality
Secondary Uses
1. Specialty and Fine Chemicals
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Preservative in adhesives, paints, coatings, and industrial cleaning products to prevent microbial spoilage
2. Textile Chemicals
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Preservative in textile finishing solutions and storage treatments
1. Basic Identification Attributes
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Chemical Name (IUPAC): Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
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Common/Trade Name: Propylparaben; Prop BH; Nipasol
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CAS Number: 94-13-3
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HS Code: 2918.29
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Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₂O₃
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Molecular Weight: 180.20 g/mol
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Synonyms: Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, Propylparaben, Nipasol, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester, Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
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Physical State: Crystalline solid (powder or crystals)
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Color & Odor: White to colorless; characteristic mild odor; slightly bitter taste
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Melting Point: 95–98°C
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Flash Point: 124.6°C
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Density: 1.063–1.1 g/cm³
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Solubility: Insoluble in cold water; slightly soluble in hot water; freely soluble in ethanol, methanol, ether, and acetone
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Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; sensitive to light and strong bases
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
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GHS Classification:
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H315: Causes skin irritation
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H319: Causes serious eye irritation
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H335: May cause respiratory irritation
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Toxicity: LD₅₀ oral (rat): > 5,000 mg/kg; ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake): 0–10 mg/kg body weight (FAO/WHO)
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Irritation: May cause irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract
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Flammability: Combustible solid
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
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Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly closed. Protect from moisture.
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Container Type: Multi-layer paper bags with polyethylene liner, fiber drums, or plastic pails
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Shelf Life: 24–36 months under recommended storage conditions
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Handling Precautions: Avoid dust formation and inhalation; use with adequate ventilation; avoid skin contact; keep away from strong oxidizing agents
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Storage Measures: Store separately from strong bases and oxidizing agents; protect from moisture
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
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Regulatory Status:
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FDA: GRAS for food use under 21 CFR 184.1670
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FAO/WHO: ADI established at 0–10 mg/kg body weight
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EU: Authorized food additive under E216 with usage restrictions
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TSCA, DSL, EINECS: Listed
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Certifications: Food grade, pharmaceutical grade, USP grade, and cosmetic grade available
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Use Restrictions: Concentration limits vary by application and jurisdiction
6. Environmental & Health Impact
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Biodegradability: Moderately biodegradable
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Ecotoxicity: May be toxic to aquatic organisms at high concentrations
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Bioaccumulation: Moderate potential for bioaccumulation
1. Safety Handling Precautions
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PPE Required: Chemical safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile), lab coat, and dust respirator when airborne dust is generated
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Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; minimize dust generation; avoid breathing dust; wash thoroughly after handling
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Storage Measures: Store away from strong oxidizing agents and strong bases; protect from moisture; maintain dry, moderate temperature conditions
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Hygiene Practices: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse
2. First Aid Measures
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Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop.
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Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
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Eye Contact: Rinse with lukewarm, gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
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Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly. Do NOT induce vomiting. Drink one or two glasses of water. Seek medical attention if large quantities are swallowed.
3. Firefighting Measures
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Fire Hazards: Combustible solid
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Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
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Special Procedures: Wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Use water spray to cool exposed containers.
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Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acrid smoke
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