Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate

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Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) is a white crystalline powder or granule, highly soluble in water. It is widely used as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and pH adjuster in various industrial, food, pharmaceutical, and laboratory applications. It acts as a source of phosphate ions and helps maintain the stability and consistency of formulations. This chemical is commonly utilized in food processing, water treatment, detergents, and as a reagent in chemical synthesis.

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Category: Nutrient Supplements Tags: Food additive, Inorganic phosphate, Monosodium Phosphate, NaH₂PO₄, Pharmaceutical excipient, Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Water Treatment Agent

Description

Table of Contents

Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate

Primary Uses

Food Industry

Used as an acidity regulator and emulsifier in processed foods, cheeses, and bakery products.
Acts as a leavening agent component in baking powders.
Serves as a sequestrant and stabilizer to improve texture and shelf life.

Pharmaceuticals

Utilized as a buffering agent in intravenous saline solutions and oral rehydration salts.
Ingredient in laxatives and phosphate supplements.
Helps maintain pH in pharmaceutical formulations and tablet coatings.

Water Treatment

Employed to control pH and prevent scale formation in water systems.
Used in wastewater treatment processes to remove heavy metals.

Industrial Applications

Functions as a dispersing agent and corrosion inhibitor in metal finishing and detergents.
Acts as a buffering agent in textile and dyeing industries.

Laboratory & Chemical Synthesis

Used as a reagent and buffer in analytical chemistry and molecular biology protocols.
Facilitates phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) preparation.

Secondary Uses

Agriculture

Occasionally used in fertilizer formulations to supply phosphorus nutrients.

Cosmetics and Personal Care

Employed in formulations as a pH adjuster and stabilizer in creams and lotions.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Common/Trade Name: Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Monobasic Sodium Phosphate
CAS Number: 7558-80-7
HS Code: 2835.29
Synonyms: Monosodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate monobasic

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (powder or granules)
Color & Odor: White; odorless
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Density: Approx. 2.35 g/cm³
pH (1% aqueous solution): ~4.5

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Generally considered non-hazardous; mild irritant to eyes and skin
Toxicity: Low toxicity; safe for use in food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade applications
Exposure Limits: Follow standard occupational exposure limits; avoid dust inhalation

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture and incompatible materials
Container Type: Supplied in sealed plastic bags or drums
Shelf Life: Stable under proper storage conditions for several years
Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust; use protective equipment to prevent eye and skin contact
Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry environment

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Complies with food-grade (FCC), pharmaceutical-grade (USP), and reagent-grade standards
Approved by FDA, EFSA, and other international food and drug safety authorities
Manufactured according to GMP guidelines

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic life in typical use concentrations
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Protective gloves, safety goggles, and dust mask recommended during handling
Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhaling dust; ensure good ventilation
Storage Measures: Store away from strong oxidizers and moisture

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical advice if respiratory irritation occurs
Skin Contact: Wash affected area with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention if large quantities are ingested

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ as appropriate for surrounding fire
Special Precautions: None specific to this chemical
Hazardous Combustion Products: None known