Zinc chloride

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Zinc Chloride is a highly versatile, white crystalline inorganic compound known for its strong hygroscopic nature and high solubility in water. It serves multiple industrial roles including fluxing, dehydrating, catalysis, and preservation. With applications across metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, textiles, water treatment, and chemical synthesis, Zinc Chloride is valued for its reactivity and binding properties.

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Category: pH Modifiers Tags: Metal Surface Treatment, Paper Manufacturing, Wood Preservative, Zinc Chloride

Description

Table of Contents

Zinc chloride

Primary Uses

Metallurgical Industry

Flux Agent: Used in galvanizing, soldering, and tinning to remove oxides and promote metal adhesion.
Electroplating: Acts as an electrolyte in zinc electroplating processes.

Chemical Industry

Catalyst: Promotes reactions such as Friedel-Crafts alkylation and polymerizations.
Dehydrating Agent: Used in organic synthesis to remove water and drive chemical reactions forward.

Textile Industry

Mercerization & Printing: Aids in treating fabrics to enhance strength and dye uptake.
Textile Fiber Dissolution: Used to dissolve cellulose in viscose rayon production.

Water Treatment

Corrosion Inhibitor: Added to industrial water systems to prevent pipe corrosion.

Petroleum Industry

Oil Refining: Acts as a catalyst in hydrocracking and other refining processes.

Secondary Uses

Pharmaceutical Industry

Astringent & Disinfectant: Used in topical formulations and antiseptic preparations (in limited, regulated concentrations).

Wood Preservation

Preservative Agent: Protects timber from rot and insects when used in treating wood.

Batteries & Electronics

Electrolyte Additive: Used in Leclanché (dry cell) batteries to maintain ionic conductivity.

Rubber & Adhesives

Activator: Enhances vulcanization and adhesive bonding in some specialty applications.

Laboratory Use

Reagent Grade Chemical: Widely used in qualitative analysis and synthesis in research labs.

Deodorants & Personal Care

Odor Neutralizer (Historic Use): Formerly used in some formulations for its astringent properties. (Now limited due to safety concerns.)

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Zinc chloride
Common/Trade Name: Zinc Chloride
CAS Number: 7646-85-7
HS Code: 2827.39.00
Synonyms: Zinc dichloride, ZnCl₂

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: White crystalline solid or powder
Color & Odor: White; odorless
Melting Point: ~290 °C
Boiling Point: Sublimes at 732 °C (decomposes)
Density: 2.91 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, ethanol, and glycerol
Hygroscopicity: Strongly hygroscopic

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification:
- Corrosive to skin and eyes
- Harmful if swallowed or inhaled
Toxicity: Moderate; causes burns and mucosal irritation
Exposure Limits: Follow OSHA and ACGIH guidelines

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
Container Type: Plastic-lined drums or sealed HDPE containers
Shelf Life: Up to 2 years under optimal conditions
Handling Precautions: Avoid moisture exposure; use PPE due to corrosive nature

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Complies with REACH, TSCA, and OSHA chemical regulations
Listed on international chemical inventories (EINECS, DSL, etc.)
Subject to restrictions in food/pharma use; follow country-specific guidelines
Manufactured under ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards when applicable

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Not applicable (inorganic compound)
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life; must be prevented from entering water bodies
Bioaccumulation: Low; zinc is an essential but potentially toxic trace element

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Gloves, eye protection, dust mask or respirator
Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid contact with skin and mucous membranes
Storage Measures: Keep containers sealed and protected from moisture

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical help if respiratory symptoms occur
Skin Contact: Rinse with water for 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek urgent medical care
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention immediately

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable, but decomposes at high temperature to release toxic fumes
Extinguishing Media: Use suitable extinguishing agents for surrounding fire (e.g., water spray, dry powder)
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, zinc oxide fumes