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Normal Hexane
Normal Hexane is a colorless, highly flammable liquid hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H14. It belongs to the aliphatic hydrocarbon family and is primarily used as a solvent due to its excellent ability to dissolve oils, fats, and various organic compounds. It has a low boiling point and evaporates quickly, making it ideal for industrial and laboratory applications.
Normal Hexane
Primary Uses
- Solvent in Extraction Processes
- Widely used as a solvent for extracting edible oils from seeds and vegetables (e.g., soybean, canola, sunflower).
- Used in the pharmaceutical industry for extracting active ingredients and compounds.
- Industrial Solvent
- Employed in cleaning and degreasing metal parts and machinery.
- Used in the manufacturing of adhesives, paints, coatings, and inks.
- Laboratory and Analytical Applications
- Used as a solvent in chromatography and other analytical techniques.
- Chemical Intermediate
- Utilized as a feedstock in organic synthesis and petrochemical industries.
Secondary Uses
- Rubber and Polymer Industry
- Used as a solvent for rubber cement and polymer processing.
- Cleaning Agent
- Utilized in formulations of industrial and household cleaning agents.
- Fuel Additive
- Occasionally used in blending gasoline to improve volatility.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Hexane
- Common/Trade Name: Normal Hexane, n-Hexane
- CAS Number: 110-54-3
- HS Code: 2710.19.50
- Synonyms: n-Hexane, Hexane
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
- Odor: Mild, gasoline-like odor
- Boiling Point: 68.7°C
- Melting Point: -95°C
- Density: 0.66 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Insoluble in water; miscible with most organic solvents
- Flash Point: -22°C (closed cup)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 2), Aspiration hazard, Neurotoxicant
- Toxicity: Exposure may cause nervous system effects including dizziness and neuropathy with chronic exposure
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL 500 ppm (TWA), ACGIH TLV 50 ppm (TWA)
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources
- Container Type: Supplied in metal drums or chemical-grade containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 12 months if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use protective gloves, goggles, and ensure adequate ventilation; avoid inhalation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with OSHA, EPA, and REACH regulations
- Listed in major chemical inventories such as TSCA, EINECS, and DSL
- Subject to transportation regulations due to high flammability and health hazards
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions
- Ecotoxicity: Moderate toxicity to aquatic life; avoid release to the environment
- Bioaccumulation: Low potential
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic but chronic exposure linked to neurological effects
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, safety goggles, respiratory protection (if vapor concentration high)
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhalation and prolonged skin contact
- Storage Measures: Store away from oxidizing agents and sources of ignition; keep containers tightly closed
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor; vapors may ignite explosively
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, CO₂, or water spray
- Special Precautions: Evacuate area; use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective gear
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes
Related products
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon Disulfide (CS₂) is a volatile, flammable, and highly toxic organic solvent composed of carbon and sulfur. At 99% purity, it is a clear to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, sweet, ether-like odor. Carbon Disulfide is produced primarily by the reaction of carbon (charcoal) with sulfur vapors at high temperatures. Due to its excellent solvent properties and reactivity, it is used across multiple industries, including the production of rayon, cellophane, rubber chemicals, and pesticides. Despite its utility, Carbon Disulfide requires careful handling because of its toxicity, flammability, and environmental hazards.
Chromic Acid
Chromic Acid is a powerful oxidizing agent, typically available as a bright orange-red crystalline solid or concentrated solution containing chromium trioxide (CrO₃) dissolved in sulfuric acid. It is a highly corrosive and strong acid used predominantly in industrial applications such as metal finishing, cleaning, and surface treatment. Chromic acid is valued for its excellent oxidative and cleaning properties, particularly in chromium plating, anodizing, and etching processes. Due to its toxicity and environmental hazards, its handling and disposal are strictly regulated. It plays a crucial role in chemical synthesis, laboratories, and manufacturing.
Di Acetone Alcohol
Di Acetone Alcohol (chemical name: 4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one) is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild acetone-like odor. It is a versatile organic solvent and intermediate widely used in the manufacture of coatings, adhesives, inks, and specialty chemicals. Di Acetone Alcohol exhibits excellent solvency for resins, oils, and fats, combined with moderate evaporation rate and low volatility compared to acetone, making it suitable for controlled drying applications. It also serves as a chemical intermediate in synthesis reactions and as a component in solvent blends to optimize performance and drying characteristics.
Dimethyl Acetimide
Dimethyl Acetimide is a versatile organic compound used predominantly as a solvent and intermediate in chemical syntheses. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with good solvency properties for a wide range of organic substances. Known for its stability and relatively low toxicity compared to similar amides, Dimethyl Acetimide finds applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemical manufacturing. Its miscibility with water and many organic solvents makes it suitable for formulation and processing roles.
Isophorone
Isophorone is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, ketone-like odor. Chemically classified as a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), it is a solvent widely used in industrial applications. It has good solvency properties for resins, paints, coatings, and inks, combined with relatively slow evaporation compared to other ketones. Isophorone is miscible with many organic solvents and used extensively in manufacturing and chemical synthesis.
Normal Butanol
Normal Butanol is a straight-chain primary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H10O. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor. Known for its good solvent properties and moderate evaporation rate, n-Butanol is widely used in industrial applications such as solvents for paints, coatings, adhesives, and as an intermediate in chemical synthesis.
Potassium Chromate
Potassium Chromate is an inorganic chemical compound and a bright yellow crystalline solid commonly used as an oxidizing agent and pigment. It serves as a source of chromate ions in various chemical, industrial, and laboratory applications. Due to its toxic and carcinogenic nature, careful handling and strict regulatory compliance are essential. Potassium Chromate is widely used in corrosion inhibition, dyeing, and chemical synthesis processes.
Solvent Naphtha
Solvent Naphtha is a flammable, volatile hydrocarbon mixture derived from petroleum distillation. Characterized by its sharp, petroleum-like odor, it is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid. It is a versatile industrial solvent prized for its ability to dissolve oils, fats, resins, and rubber. Its balanced evaporation rate and strong solvency make it a key component in formulations requiring a powerful yet controllable solvent.
