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Manganese Sulphate Monohydrate
Manganese Sulphate Monohydrate is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula MnSO₄·H₂O. It appears as a pale pink crystalline powder and is highly soluble in water. It is primarily used as a source of manganese, an essential micronutrient, in fertilizers, animal feed, and industrial processes. This monohydrate form is the most stable and commonly used in agriculture and feed-grade applications. It also finds use in various chemical syntheses, electroplating, and as a reagent in laboratories.
Manganese Sulphate Monohydrate
Primary Uses
- Agriculture and Fertilizer Industry
- Micronutrient Fertilizer: Used as a manganese supplement in soil to correct manganese deficiency in crops like cereals, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
- Foliar Spray and Soil Application: Applied directly to plants or soil to improve photosynthesis, chlorophyll production, and enzyme activation.
- Component in NPK Blends: Included in multi-nutrient formulations for balanced crop nutrition.
- Animal Feed Industry
- Feed Additive: Serves as a manganese supplement in poultry, swine, cattle, and aquaculture feed to support bone development, enzyme function, and reproductive health.
- Premix Formulations: Used in vitamin-mineral premixes for livestock and pets.
- Chemical Industry
- Intermediate in Manganese Compound Production: Used in the manufacture of other manganese-based chemicals (e.g., manganese dioxide, manganese carbonate).
- Electroplating: Employed as an additive in electroplating baths for depositing manganese coatings.
- Battery Industry
- Raw Material in Battery Manufacturing: Used in the production of manganese dioxide for dry cell batteries (particularly alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries).
Secondary Uses
- Water Treatment
- Trace Element Supplementation: Occasionally used in treating drinking or industrial water where manganese is deficient or as part of a micronutrient mix.
- Laboratory Applications
- Analytical Reagent: Used in lab reagents and tests, including redox titrations and preparation of analytical manganese solutions.
- Textile and Dyeing Industry
- Catalyst/Modifier: Used in dyeing processes and textile treatments as a mordant or chemical modifier.
- Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals
- Nutrient Source: May be used in trace amounts in vitamin or mineral formulations, although less common than food-grade alternatives.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate
- Common/Trade Name: Manganese Sulphate Monohydrate
- CAS Number: 10034-96-5
- HS Code: 2833.29.30
- Synonyms: Manganous sulfate monohydrate; MnSO₄·H₂O; Pink salt of manganese; Manganese(II) sulfate hydrate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline solid
- Color & Odor: Pale pink; odorless
- Molecular Formula: MnSO₄·H₂O
- Molecular Weight: 169.02 g/mol
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water; insoluble in ethanol
- Density: ~2.95 g/cm³
- Melting Point: Decomposes at ~850 °C
- pH (5% Solution): ~4.0 – 6.0
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification:
- Acute toxicity (oral) – Category 4
- Eye irritation – Category 2A
- Harmful to aquatic life – Category 2
- Toxicity:
- Harmful if swallowed in large quantities
- May cause irritation to eyes and respiratory tract
- Exposure Limits:
- ACGIH TLV (as Mn): 0.1 mg/m³ (inhalable)
- OSHA PEL (total Mn dust): 5 mg/m³ (ceiling limit)
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place
- Protect from moisture, as it may cake or dissolve
- Container Type:
- Packed in woven bags, drums, or HDPE-lined sacks
- Shelf Life:
- 2–3 years if stored in sealed packaging
- Handling Precautions:
- Avoid dust formation
- Use appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, dust mask)
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Compliance:
- Approved for use in agriculture and feed industries (FAO/WHO, AAFCO)
- REACH-registered and listed on TSCA inventory
- Must comply with heavy metal limits in food and feed use
- Labeling Requirements:
- Include hazard symbols for health and environmental risks
- State manganese content clearly for agricultural use
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Not applicable (inorganic compound)
- Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms at high concentrations
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
- Soil Impact: Beneficial in appropriate doses; excess may inhibit other micronutrient uptake
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required:
- Dust mask or respirator
- Safety goggles
- Protective gloves and clothing
- Handling Guidelines:
- Minimize dust generation
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling
- Storage Measures:
- Keep containers sealed and labeled
- Avoid contamination with food or feed not intended for fortification
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if large amounts are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
- Extinguishing Media: Use media suitable for surrounding materials (water, foam, dry chemical)
- Special Precautions: Avoid inhaling dust or fumes
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May release sulfur oxides and manganese oxides when decomposed at high temperatures
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